School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Dec 10;644:873-883. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.006. Epub 2018 Jul 11.
The Yellow River flows through Lanzhou city and is the only drinking water source for 3.6 million residents. Yet, little is known regarding the safety and quality of the Yellow River for resident consumption. To address this knowledge-gap, water samples were collected from different sites within this section during the dry and wet seasons. Physico-chemical parameters and microbial community metrics were analyzed to assess the health risk associated with this Chinese mother river. Water quality of the river was better during the dry season (March-April) than in the wet season (September-October). Fifteen conventional physico-chemical and biological indices, such as NH-N, NO-N, total nitrate (TN), five day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), volatile phenol (VP), and coliform abundances, generally exceeded acceptable standards. The average abundance of coliforms was 2.8 times that of acceptable standards in the dry season and 4.6 times the standards in the wet season. The concentration of the toxic metal As was more than two times than that of the national standard in waters from the wet season. Microbial community analysis also indicated that community diversity and species richness were positively correlated with the concentrations of several physico-chemical parameters. The results indicate that As and Cr pose potential risk for human health through consumption by residents. Further, the results indicated that human activities are the main causes of water pollution, and that long-term strict monitoring should be conducted to ensure the safety of drinking water consumption and the health of the environment.
黄河流经兰州市，是 360 万居民的唯一饮用水源。然而，对于居民消费而言，黄河的安全性和水质情况却鲜为人知。为了解决这一知识空白，本研究在枯水期和丰水期分别于该河段不同地点采集水样。通过分析理化参数和微生物群落指标，评估了这条中国母亲河与健康相关的风险。与丰水期（9-10 月）相比，枯水期（3-4 月）黄河水质更好。15 项常规理化和生物指标，如 NH-N、NO-N、总硝酸盐（TN）、五日生化需氧量（BOD）、化学需氧量（COD）、挥发酚（VP）和大肠菌群数量，普遍超过了可接受标准。枯水期大肠菌群的平均丰度是可接受标准的 2.8 倍，丰水期是标准的 4.6 倍。丰水期水中有毒金属砷的浓度超过国家标准的两倍。微生物群落分析也表明，群落多样性和丰富度与几种理化参数的浓度呈正相关。结果表明，砷和铬通过居民的消费对人体健康构成潜在风险。此外，结果表明，人类活动是水污染的主要原因，应长期进行严格监测，以确保饮用水消费的安全性和环境的健康。
