Applied Microbial Processes & Environmental Health Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Private Mail Bag 1154, Benin City, 300001, Nigeria.
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Environ Monit Assess. 2018 Jun 9;190(7):387. doi: 10.1007/s10661-018-6771-7.
Surface waters are important to humans because they are a significant water supply source. They are, however, under serious environmental stress and are being threatened as a consequence of developmental activities. The present study describes the physicochemical properties and water quality indices of five different rivers used for drinking and other domestic activities in rural and pre-urban communities in Edo North, Nigeria. The physicochemical variable ranges include pH [wet season (6.47 ± 0.30-6.89 ± 0.11), dry season (6.61 ± 0.14-7.84 ± 0.24)], electrical conductivity (EC) [wet season (3.33 ± 0.57-12.33 ± 2.51 μS/cm), dry season (5.33 ± 0.57-21.33 ± 2.08 μS/cm)], water temperature [wet season (24.23 ± 0.98-25.40 ± 1.15 °C), dry season (26.20 ± 0.55-27.10 ± 0.75 °C)], TDS [wet season (417.00 ± 15.87-433.33 ± 18.50 mg/L), dry season (319.33 ± 16.50-372.66 ± 22.30 mg/L)], turbidity [wet season (1.01 ± 0.11-2.08 ± 0.99 NTU), dry season (3.11 ± 0.01-5.41 ± 0.24 NTU)], and DO [wet season (2.65 ± 0.37-3.99 ± 0.01 mg/L), dry season (2.12 ± 0.11-2.44 ± 0.01 mg/L)]. For the wet and dry seasons, the water quality indices were 120.225 and 585.015 for River Osolo, 119.849 and 445.751 for River Foreign, 200.474 and 587.833 for Ijoh River, 105.261 and 512.498 for Ole River, and 150.114 and 489.992 for Ole Extension River, respectively. The pH was negatively correlated with DO (r = -0.648), and EC was negatively correlated with DO (r = -0.635). Most of the evaluated parameters were within recommended water safety guidelines. However, the water quality index shows that the water quality was very poor and/or unsuitable for drinking and other domestic uses, especially during the dry season. It is suggested that river water be treated prior to its use for drinking and other domestic purposes.
地表水对人类很重要，因为它们是重要的水源。然而，地表水正处于严重的环境压力之下，并且由于发展活动而受到威胁。本研究描述了用于农村和城市前社区的五个不同河流的理化性质和水质指数，这些河流用于饮用和其他家庭活动。理化变量范围包括 pH 值[湿季（6.47±0.30-6.89±0.11），干季（6.61±0.14-7.84±0.24）]、电导率（EC）[湿季（3.33±0.57-12.33±2.51 μS/cm），干季（5.33±0.57-21.33±2.08 μS/cm）]、水温度[湿季（24.23±0.98-25.40±1.15°C），干季（26.20±0.55-27.10±0.75°C）]、总溶解固体（TDS）[湿季（417.00±15.87-433.33±18.50 mg/L），干季（319.33±16.50-372.66±22.30 mg/L）]、浊度[湿季（1.01±0.11-2.08±0.99 NTU），干季（3.11±0.01-5.41±0.24 NTU）]和溶解氧（DO）[湿季（2.65±0.37-3.99±0.01 mg/L），干季（2.12±0.11-2.44±0.01 mg/L）]。对于湿季和干季，Osolo 河的水质指数分别为 120.225 和 585.015，Foreign 河的水质指数分别为 119.849 和 445.751，Ijoh 河的水质指数分别为 200.474 和 587.833，Ole 河的水质指数分别为 105.261 和 512.498，Ole 延伸河的水质指数分别为 150.114 和 489.992。pH 值与 DO 呈负相关（r=-0.648），EC 与 DO 呈负相关（r=-0.635）。评估的大多数参数都在推荐的水安全指南范围内。然而，水质指数表明水质很差和/或不适合饮用和其他家庭用途，特别是在旱季。建议在用于饮用和其他家庭用途之前对河水进行处理。
