State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Apr 10;660:865-875. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.435. Epub 2018 Dec 29.
Number of Chronic Kidney Disease patients with no identifiable cause (Chronic Kidney Disease Unknown Aetiology, CKDu) are escalating in the North Central Province (NCP) of Sri Lanka. This study examined distribution of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in shallow groundwater of three CKDu risk zones (high risk, HR; low risk, LR and no risk, NR) and a control zone (CR) from wet to dry seasons. The interactions of DOC with calcium and magnesium ions and metabolites of selected pesticides were also examined. The lowest CODDOC values of 0.60 ± 0.19, 0.58 ± 0.17 were reported in the DOC of the HR water in the wet and dry seasons, respectively, and this DOC fraction encompasses organic compounds with the lowest labile C with the highest aromaticity. Four distinct fluorescence DOC fractions in the HR water were identified with fulvic acid component associated as dominant non-labile C fraction. The essential building blocks of non-labile C were concentrated into molecular weight (MW) fraction II (900-1800 Da). The DOC source in all groundwater was identified as autochthonous (fluorescence index > 1.8). In the HR water, pentachlorophenol (PCP) was also detected in appreciable quantities. The factor loadings based on principal component analysis (PCA) showed a positive correlation between DOC and sulfate, calcium, total iron, PCP in the HR groundwater. Accordingly, it can be inferred that divalent cations (Ca, Mg) abundant in the HR groundwater interact with phenolate and carboxylate functional groups in DOC at alkaline pH.
在斯里兰卡的中北部省（NCP），无法确定病因的慢性肾脏病（CKDu）患者数量正在上升。本研究考察了三个 CKDu 风险区（高风险 HR、低风险 LR 和无风险 NR）和一个对照区（CR）浅层地下水中溶解有机碳（DOC）在湿季和干季的分布情况。还考察了 DOC 与钙和镁离子以及选定农药代谢物的相互作用。在湿季和干季，HR 水中的 CODDOC 值最低，分别为 0.60±0.19 和 0.58±0.17，这表明该 DOC 分数包含具有最低生物可利用性 C 和最高芳香性的有机化合物。在 HR 水中鉴定出四个不同的荧光 DOC 分数，其中富里酸组分与作为主要非生物可利用性 C 分数相关联。非生物可利用性 C 的基本构建块集中在分子量（MW）分数 II（900-1800 Da）中。所有地下水的 DOC 来源均被确定为自生的（荧光指数>1.8）。在 HR 水中，还检测到了相当数量的五氯苯酚（PCP）。基于主成分分析（PCA）的因子负荷显示，HR 地下水中的 DOC 与硫酸盐、钙、总铁和 PCP 之间呈正相关。因此，可以推断 HR 地下水中丰富的二价阳离子（Ca、Mg）在碱性 pH 下与 DOC 中的酚盐和羧酸盐官能团相互作用。
