Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Nutrients. 2019 Feb 8;11(2):354. doi: 10.3390/nu11020354.
Child undernutrition remains a challenge globally and in the geographically diverse country of Ethiopia. Improving dietary diversity and consumption of animal source foods are important for improving child nutrition and corresponding health outcomes.
The objective of the study was to identify household and community factors associated with consumption of animal source foods among 6 to 36-month-old children from four regions of Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional survey using multistage probability sampling in eight geographic zones and four regions of Ethiopia took place in 2015 with parents/caretakers of 6 to 36-month-old children. Data was collected on demographic information, proxy indicators of socioeconomic status, and food consumed by the child the day before the survey.
Increased child age, pastoral livelihood, Muslim religion, and participation in the Productive Safety Net Program were associated with increased consumption of animal source foods. Odds of animal source foods consumption increased by 8% with each 3-month age increase. Children from pastoralist households were the most likely to have consumed animal source foods in the preceding 24 hours as compared with those in agro-pastoralist households (0.21 times as likely) or those in agriculturalist/farming households (0.15 times as likely). The odds of consumption of animal source foods for families with food aid or safety net support was 1.7 times greater among those receiving traditional support from the Productive Safety Net Program and 4.5 times greater for those in the direct support arm of the program.
The findings illustrate the importance of accounting for local context and community characteristics, such as livelihood and religion, when undertaking programming designed to improve diversity of children's diets through increasing animal source foods. In addition, the Productive Safety Net Program may be a critical determinant of dietary diversity for young children in these regions.
儿童营养不良仍然是一个全球性的挑战，在地域多样的埃塞俄比亚也是如此。改善饮食多样性和食用动物源食品对于改善儿童营养和相应的健康结果非常重要。
本研究旨在确定与埃塞俄比亚四个地区 6 至 36 个月儿童食用动物源食品相关的家庭和社区因素。
2015 年，在埃塞俄比亚八个地理区域和四个地区，采用多阶段概率抽样方法进行了一项横断面调查，对象为 6 至 36 个月儿童的父母/照顾者。收集的数据包括人口统计信息、代理社会经济地位指标以及儿童在前一天调查中食用的食物。
儿童年龄增长、牧民生计、穆斯林宗教和参与生产安全网计划与食用动物源食品的增加有关。与每增加 3 个月年龄相关，食用动物源食品的几率增加 8%。与农牧民家庭或农业/农耕家庭的儿童相比，牧民家庭的儿童在前 24 小时内更有可能食用动物源食品（可能性分别低 0.21 倍和 0.15 倍）。获得食品援助或安全网支持的家庭食用动物源食品的可能性是获得传统生产安全网计划支持家庭的 1.7 倍，是直接参与该计划家庭的 4.5 倍。
研究结果表明，在开展旨在通过增加动物源食品改善儿童饮食多样性的规划时，考虑当地背景和社区特点（如生计和宗教）非常重要。此外，生产安全网计划可能是这些地区幼儿饮食多样性的关键决定因素。
