Yang H, Chen Y D
School of Primary Health Care and Allied Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melboume 3168, Australia.
School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2019 Feb 6;53(2):136-140. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2019.02.003.
At the time of the 40th anniversary of the Alma-Ata Declaration, the World Health Organization member states signed the Declaration of Astana. From Health For All to Universal Health Coverage, primary health care is consistantly identified as the key to achieving human health, and preventive services are critical and central component of primary health care. China has provided valuable experience for primary health care to countries around the world. However, with significant socioeconomic changes and rapid population aging, the contexts of primary health care and prevention services in China has undergone tremendous changes. Chronic diseases have become major burden of disease. System development and institution building, health service delivery system development, and the entire society of the country with large population are encountering new and serious challenges. On the basis of reviewing the development of preventive medical services in China for 40 years, Authors analyzes strengths and weaknesses of preventive services in China and looks forward to the challenges and opportunities in the coming decades, from perspective of primary, secondary and tertiary prevention strategies, and proposes suggestions for future development.
在《阿拉木图宣言》发表40周年之际，世界卫生组织成员国签署了《阿斯塔纳宣言》。从“人人享有健康”到“全民健康覆盖”，初级卫生保健始终被视为实现人类健康的关键，而预防服务是初级卫生保健的关键核心组成部分。中国为全球各国的初级卫生保健提供了宝贵经验。然而，随着社会经济的重大变革和人口老龄化的快速发展，中国初级卫生保健及预防服务的背景发生了巨大变化。慢性病已成为主要的疾病负担。系统发展与机构建设、卫生服务提供体系发展以及人口大国的整个社会都面临着新的严峻挑战。在回顾中国40年预防医学服务发展的基础上，作者从一级、二级和三级预防策略的角度分析了中国预防服务的优势与不足，并展望了未来几十年的挑战与机遇，进而提出了未来发展的建议。
