Lucas F, Sclafani A
Department of Psychology, Brooklyn College, NY 11210.
Appetite. 1988 Dec;11(3):201-13. doi: 10.1016/s0195-6663(88)80003-5.
Rats appear to have two different carbohydrate tastes, a sweet taste for sugars, and a "polysaccharide" taste for starch and starch-derived polysaccharides. The present study explored the possible functional significance of this dual taste system by comparing the effects of food deprivation and insulin treatment on the appetite for sucrose and Polycose. Food deprivation (24 h) produced comparable increases in the 5-min and 30-min intakes of Polycose and sucrose (1-8%) solutions in adult female rats. Polycose and sucrose intakes were also increased to a similar degree by insulin injections (1 unit/kg) during brief (3-min) one-bottle tests. In brief two-bottle tests, however, insulin treatment tended to shift the rat's preference from sucrose to Polycose. Chronic treatment with insulin increased the long-term intake of 30% Polycose and sucrose solutions, with the effect being more pronounced with Polycose. These findings demonstrate that energy deficit states enhance the appetite for Polycose as much as or more than the appetite for sucrose.
大鼠似乎有两种不同的碳水化合物味觉，一种是对糖类的甜味觉，另一种是对淀粉及淀粉衍生多糖的“多糖味”觉。本研究通过比较食物剥夺和胰岛素治疗对蔗糖和聚葡萄糖食欲的影响，探讨了这种双重味觉系统可能的功能意义。食物剥夺（24小时）使成年雌性大鼠对聚葡萄糖和蔗糖（1 - 8%）溶液的5分钟和30分钟摄入量产生了相当程度的增加。在短暂的（3分钟）单瓶测试中，注射胰岛素（1单位/千克）也使聚葡萄糖和蔗糖的摄入量增加到相似程度。然而，在简短的双瓶测试中，胰岛素治疗倾向于使大鼠的偏好从蔗糖转向聚葡萄糖。胰岛素的长期治疗增加了30%聚葡萄糖和蔗糖溶液的长期摄入量，对聚葡萄糖的影响更为明显。这些发现表明，能量缺乏状态增强对聚葡萄糖的食欲与对蔗糖的食欲相当或更强。
