Chait M M, Turnbull A D, Winawer S J
Compr Ther. 1978 Jul;4(7):34-9.
Hemorrhagic gastritis is a common cause of upper GI hemorrhage, in which the clinical course may vary from a mild, self-limited illness when associated with gastric irritants, to lifethreatening massive hemorrhage when associated with stress in critically ill patients. Treatment is based upon early endoscopic diagnosis, withdrawal of offending gastric irritants, intensive organ system support, and reduction of gastric acidity. Angiographic techniques and surgery are restricted to patients who fail these supportive measures, often after blood replacement beyond the usual criteria for operative intervention, usually in patients with stress. Newer pharmacologic and endoscopic therapeutic modalities are under evaluation and may help improve survival among patients with massive hemorrhage from stress ulcer.
出血性胃炎是上消化道出血的常见原因，其临床病程差异很大，与胃刺激物相关时可能是轻度自限性疾病，而与危重症患者的应激相关时则可能是危及生命的大出血。治疗基于早期内镜诊断、停用有害的胃刺激物、强化器官系统支持以及降低胃酸度。血管造影技术和手术仅限于那些这些支持措施无效的患者，通常是在输血超过常规手术干预标准之后，这类患者往往处于应激状态。更新的药物和内镜治疗方式正在评估中，可能有助于提高应激性溃疡大出血患者的生存率。
