Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
Cancer. 2019 Apr 15;125(8):1221-1227. doi: 10.1002/cncr.32010. Epub 2019 Feb 12.
Cyclooxygenase (COX) is an enzyme complex that plays an important role in the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are essential modulators of signal transduction pathways, which contribute to the metastatic properties of gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies. Although COX-1 is constitutively active, COX-2 is upregulated by cytokines, growth factors, and mitogen. COX-2 is involved in malignant cell proliferation, angiogenesis, migration, invasion, and antiapoptotic activity. Thus, COX-2 inhibitors may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of GI cancers. In this review, the role of COX-2 in GI cancers is explored, and its clinical applications as a therapeutic target are discussed.
环氧化酶（COX）是一种酶复合物，在将花生四烯酸转化为前列腺素的过程中起着重要作用。前列腺素是信号转导途径的重要调节剂，有助于胃肠道（GI）恶性肿瘤的转移特性。虽然 COX-1 是组成性激活的，但 COX-2 可被细胞因子、生长因子和有丝分裂原上调。COX-2 参与恶性细胞增殖、血管生成、迁移、侵袭和抗凋亡活性。因此，COX-2 抑制剂可能代表治疗胃肠道癌症的一种有前途的治疗策略。在这篇综述中，探讨了 COX-2 在胃肠道癌症中的作用，并讨论了其作为治疗靶点的临床应用。
