Department of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi, United States of America.
Department of Psychology, Grinnell College, Grinnell, Iowa, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2019 Feb 12;14(2):e0212220. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212220. eCollection 2019.
By definition, perception is a multisensory process that unfolds in time as a complex sequence of exploratory activities of the organism. In such a system perception and action are integrated, and multiple energy arrays are available simultaneously. Perception of affordances interweaves sensory and motor activities into meaningful behavior given task constraints. The present contribution offers insight into the manner in which perception and action usher the organism through competent functional apprehension of its surroundings. We propose that the tensegrity structure of the body, manifested via multifractality of exploratory bodily movements informs perception of affordances. The affordance of stand-on-ability of ground surfaces served as the experimental paradigm. Observers viewed a surface set to a discrete angle and attempted to match it haptically with a continuously adjustable surface occluded by a curtain, or felt an occluded surface set to a discrete angle then matched it visually with a continuously adjustable visible surface. The complex intertwining of perception and action was demonstrated by the interactions of multifractality of postural sway with multiple energy arrays, responses, and changing geometric task demands.
根据定义，感知是一个多感官的过程，随着生物体探索活动的复杂序列在时间中展开。在这样的系统中，感知和行动是整合在一起的，并且多个能量数组可以同时使用。在给定任务约束的情况下，对可供性的感知将感觉和运动活动交织成有意义的行为。本研究旨在深入了解感知和行动引导生物体对周围环境进行熟练功能理解的方式。我们提出，身体的张拉整体结构通过探索性身体运动的多重分形来表现，从而影响对可供性的感知。地面站立能力的可供性被用作实验范例。观察者观看一个设置为离散角度的表面，并试图用一个由窗帘遮挡的连续可调表面触觉匹配它，或者感觉到一个设置为离散角度的遮挡表面，然后用一个连续可调的可见表面视觉匹配它。姿势摆动的多重分形与多个能量数组、反应和不断变化的几何任务需求的相互作用，展示了感知和行动的复杂交织。
