Pigati R L, Dernoeden P H, Grybauskas A P, Momen B
Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park 20742.
Department of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park 20742.
Plant Dis. 2010 May;94(5):596-603. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-94-5-0596.
In this 2-year field study, four chemically diverse fungicides (i.e., chlorothalonil, boscalid, iprodione, and propiconazole) were evaluated for their ability to control dollar spot (Sclerotinia homoeocarpa) in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) as affected by simulated rain and mowing timing. Simulated rain (25 to 32 mm) was imposed about 30 min after fungicide application and was compared to rain-free plots. One set of plots was mowed in the morning when the canopy was wet with dew and compared to plots that were mowed when the canopy was dry in the afternoon. The percent reduction in dollar spot control associated with simulated-rain versus rain-free treatments in 2007 and 2008, respectively, was as follows: chlorothalonil 67 and 83%; propiconazole 42 and 79%; boscalid 48 and 70%; and iprodione 33 and 66%. When disease pressure was low, all fungicides subjected to simulated rain provided effective dollar spot control for 7 or more days following the initial application in each year. Across all fungicide-treated plots over 2 years, the average percent reduction in dollar spot associated with morning mowing ranged from 54 to 65%. The reduction in dollar spot severity in morning-mowed plots improved the performance of all fungicides.
在这项为期两年的田间研究中，评估了四种化学性质不同的杀菌剂（即百菌清、啶酰菌胺、异菌脲和丙环唑）在模拟降雨和修剪时间影响下，对匍匐翦股颖（草地早熟禾）中美元斑病（核盘菌）的防治能力。在施用杀菌剂后约30分钟施加模拟降雨（25至32毫米），并与无雨地块进行比较。一组地块在早晨冠层被露水打湿时进行修剪，并与下午冠层干燥时修剪的地块进行比较。2007年和2008年，与模拟降雨处理相比，无雨处理在防治美元斑病方面的降低百分比分别如下：百菌清67%和83%；丙环唑42%和79%；啶酰菌胺48%和70%；异菌脲33%和66%。当病害压力较低时，每年在初次施药后，所有经过模拟降雨处理的杀菌剂对美元斑病的防治效果均能持续7天或更长时间。在两年内所有经过杀菌剂处理的地块中，与早晨修剪相关的美元斑病平均降低百分比在54%至65%之间。早晨修剪地块中美元斑病严重程度的降低提高了所有杀菌剂的性能。
