大麦黄矮病毒-MAV在捷克共和国种植的燕麦、小麦和大麦上的首次报道。

Department of Virology, Crop Research Institute, Prague 6, 161 06, Czech Republic. Research was sponsored by Project No. QH81269.

Plant Dis. 2009 Sep;93(9):964. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-93-9-0964B.

Barley yellow dwarf disease, a ubiquitous virus disease of cereal crops worldwide, is caused by a group of related, single-stranded RNA viruses assigned to Luteovirus (Barley yellow dwarf virus [BYDV] spp. PAV, PAS, MAV, and GAV) or Polerovirus (Cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPV) genera or unassigned to a genera (BYDV-SGV, BYDV-RMV, and BYDV-GPV) in the family Luteoviridae (1). Incidence of BYDV in cereal crops (e.g., barley, wheat, and oats) was high, and in recent years, reached epidemic levels in many regions of the Czech Republic. BYDV-PAV and BYDV-PAS have been identified in Czech cereal crops (2,4). Surveys of the incidence of BYDV were carried out using ELISA (SEDIAG SAS, Longvic, France) and one-step reverse transcription (RT)-PCR (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) (2) during 2007 and 2008. Samples (125) were collected from different fields around the Czech Republic and 96 were BYDV positive. Three of the field isolates, CZ-6815, CZ-1561, and CZ-10844, from oat (Avena sativa; cv. Auron), winter wheat (Triticum aestivum; cv. Apache), and winter barley (Hordeum vulgare; cv. Merlot), respectively, were identified as BYDV-MAV by sequencing of the RT-PCR product (641-bp fragment) used to identify BYDV, which spanned 2839-3479 of the BYDV genome (GenBank Accession Nos. EF043235 and NC_002160) (2). The partial coat protein gene sequence of 483 nt was compared with the available sequences of 12 BYDV-PAV isolates (PAV-JP, PAV-NY, PAV-ILL, PAV-AUS, PAV-WG2, PAV-whG4y3, PAV-on21-4, Tahoe1, CA-PAV, HB3, FH3, and MA9501); nine BYDV-PAS isolates (PAS-129, PAS-64, WS6603, WG13, PAS-Tcb4-1, PASwaw5-9, FL2, PAS-Vd29, and PAS-MA9516); and six BYDV-MAV isolates (MAV-CA, MAV-PS1X1, MAV-Alameds268, LMB2a, SI-o4, and MAV-CN) by MEGA4 (3). Nucleotide and amino acid sequence identities for the three isolates ranged from 92.9 to 99.4% and 88.0 to 95.8%, respectively, for available BYDV-MAV isolates; 76.8 to 78.2% and 62.7 to 67.6%, respectively, for available BYDV-PAS isolates; and 77.6 to 79.3% and 65.5 to 70.4%, respectively, for available PAV isolates. The sequence data indicates that these isolates (CZ-6815, CZ-1561, and CZ10844; GenBank Accession Nos. FJ645747, FJ645758, and FJ645746, respectively) are BYDV-MAV. To my knowledge, this is the first record of BYDV-MAV in the Czech Republic. References: (1) C. J. D'Arcy and L. L. Domier. Page 891 in: Virus Taxonomy-8th Report of the ICTV. C. M. Fauquet et al., eds. Springer-Verlag, NY, 2005. (2) J. K. Kundu. Plant Dis. 92:1587, 2008. (3) K. Tamura et al. Mol. Biol. Evol. 24:1596, 2007. (4) J. Vacke. Page 100 in: Sbornik Referatu z Odborneho Seminare, Aktualni Problemy Ochrany Polnich Plodin, Praha, 1991.

大麦黄矮病是一种在全球谷类作物中普遍存在的病毒性疾病，由一组相关的单链RNA病毒引起，这些病毒被归类于黄症病毒属（大麦黄矮病毒[BYDV]的PAV、PAS、MAV和GAV株系）、马铃薯卷叶病毒属（小麦黄矮病毒-RPV）或未归类于任何属（BYDV-SGV、BYDV-RMV和BYDV-GPV），属于黄症病毒科（1）。BYDV在谷类作物（如大麦、小麦和燕麦）中的发病率很高，近年来，在捷克共和国的许多地区达到了流行水平。在捷克的谷类作物中已鉴定出BYDV-PAV和BYDV-PAS（2,4）。在2007年和2008年期间，使用酶联免疫吸附测定法（SEDIAG SAS，法国隆维克）和一步反转录（RT）-PCR（德国希尔德的Qiagen公司）对BYDV的发病率进行了调查（2）。从捷克共和国各地不同的田地采集了125个样本，其中96个样本BYDV呈阳性。通过对用于鉴定BYDV的RT-PCR产物（641 bp片段）进行测序，分别从燕麦（燕麦；品种Auron）、冬小麦（普通小麦；品种Apache）和冬大麦（大麦；品种Merlot）中鉴定出三个田间分离株CZ-6815、CZ-1561和CZ-10844为BYDV-MAV，该片段跨越BYDV基因组的2839-3479位（GenBank登录号EF043235和NC_002160）（2）。将483 nt的部分外壳蛋白基因序列与12个BYDV-PAV分离株（PAV-JP、PAV-NY、PAV-ILL、PAV-AUS、PAV-WG2、PAV-whG4y3、PAV-on21-4、Tahoe1、CA-PAV、HB3、FH3和MA9501）、9个BYDV-PAS分离株（PAS-129、PAS-64、WS6603、WG13、PAS-Tcb4-1、PASwaw5-9、FL2、PAS-Vd29和PAS-MA9516）以及6个BYDV-MAV分离株（MAV-CA、MAV-PS1X1、MAV-Alameds268、LMB2a、SI-o4和MAV-CN）的可用序列进行了比较，使用MEGA4软件（3）。这三个分离株与可用的BYDV-MAV分离株的核苷酸和氨基酸序列同一性分别为92.9%至99.4%和88.0%至95.8%；与可用的BYDV-PAS分离株分别为76.8%至78.2%和62.7%至67.6%；与可用的PAV分离株分别为77.6%至79.3%和65.5%至70.4%。序列数据表明这些分离株（CZ-6815、CZ-1561和CZ10844；GenBank登录号分别为FJ645747、FJ645758和FJ645746）为BYDV-MAV。据我所知，这是BYDV-MAV在捷克共和国的首次记录。参考文献：（1）C. J. D'Arcy和L. L. Domier。载于：《病毒分类学——国际病毒分类委员会第8次报告》第891页。C. M. Fauquet等人编。施普林格出版社，纽约，2005年。（2）J. K. Kundu。《植物病害》92:1587，2008年。（3）K. Tamura等人。《分子生物学与进化》24:1596，2007年。（4）J. Vacke。载于：《保护作物的实际问题研讨会论文集》第100页，布拉格，1991年。