Makkouk K M, Kumari S G, Kadirova Z, Zueva A
ICARDA, P.O. Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria.
Institute of Genetics and Experimental Biology, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.
Plant Dis. 2001 Oct;85(10):1122. doi: 10.1094/PDIS.2001.85.10.1122B.
A preliminary survey to identify virus diseases affecting wheat in Uzbekistan was conducted during May 2001. The survey covered 12 wheat fields from 2 cereal-growing regions (Tashkent-Angren and Tashkent-Samarkand). A total of 250 wheat samples with symptoms suggestive of virus infection were collected and tested for the presence of nine viruses by tissue-blot immunoassay (TBIA) (1) at the Virology Laboratory of ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria, using the following antisera: monoclonal antibodies for Cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPV (CYDV-RPV) (ATCC PVAS-669 [American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, VA]) and Barley yellow dwarf virus-MAV (BYDV-MAV) (ATCC PVAS-673); and polyclonal antibodies for BYDV-SGV and BYDV-RMV (3); BYDV-PAV, Barley stripe mosaic virus, and Wheat streak mosaic virus (from Virology Laboratory, ICARDA); Wheat dwarf virus (provided by J. Vacke, Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague, Czeck Republic); and Barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV) isolated from Lebanon (2). The most common virus present was BYDV-PAV (detected in 12% of the 250 samples tested), followed by BYDV-SGV (10.8%), BYSMV (5.6%), BYDV-RMV (2.4%), BYDV-MAV (2%), and CYDV-RPV (1.2%). CYDV-RPV was detected in three fields; one field was 50 km southeast of Tashkent, and the other two fields were between Tashkent and Samarkand. The majority of BYSMV-positive samples originated from the same field, ≈40 km northeast of Samarkand. Field symptoms of BYSMV-infected plants included yellow flag leaf and stunting. All samples that produced a positive reaction to BYSMV-Lebanon antiserum were tested against four other rhabdovirus antisera: BYSMV-Italy, BYSMV-Morocco, Cereal chlorotic mottle virus, and American wheat striate mosaic virus. Serological tests showed that 100% of the samples reacted strongly with BYSMV-Italy and BYSMV-Morocco. In sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, followed by western blots, extracts from BYSMV-infected plants were found to contain 66- and 47-kDa structural proteins, typical of G and N proteins of rhabdoviruses, both of which reacted strongly with BYSMV-Italy antiserum. To our knowledge, this is the first report of BYSMV and CYDV-RPV in Uzbekistan. References: (1) K. M. Makkouk and A. Comeau. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 100:71, 1994. (2) K. M. Makkouk et al. Plant Dis. 85:446, 2001. (3) G. N. Webby and R. M. Lister. Plant Dis. 76:1125, 1992.
2001年5月，在乌兹别克斯坦开展了一项初步调查，以确定影响小麦的病毒病害。该调查覆盖了来自2个谷物种植区（塔什干－安格连和塔什干－撒马尔罕）的12块麦田。总共采集了250个有病毒感染症状的小麦样本，并在叙利亚阿勒颇国际干旱地区农业研究中心（ICARDA）的病毒学实验室，采用组织印迹免疫分析（TBIA）(1)，使用以下抗血清检测9种病毒的存在：针对禾谷类黄矮病毒RPV株系（CYDV-RPV）的单克隆抗体（ATCC PVAS-669 [美国典型培养物保藏中心，马纳萨斯，弗吉尼亚州]）和大麦黄矮病毒MAV株系（BYDV-MAV）的单克隆抗体（ATCC PVAS-673）；以及针对BYDV-SGV和BYDV-RMV的多克隆抗体(3)；BYDV-PAV、大麦条纹花叶病毒和小麦线条花叶病毒（来自ICARDA病毒学实验室）；小麦矮缩病毒（由捷克共和国布拉格作物生产研究所的J. Vacke提供）；以及从黎巴嫩分离得到的大麦黄条花叶病毒（BYSMV）(2)。检出的最常见病毒是BYDV-PAV（在检测的250个样本中有12%呈阳性），其次是BYDV-SGV（10.8%）、BYSMV（5.6%）、BYDV-RMV（2.4%）、BYDV-MAV（2%）和CYDV-RPV（1.2%）。在3块田中检测到CYDV-RPV；一块田位于塔什干东南50公里处，另外两块田位于塔什干和撒马尔罕之间。大多数BYSMV阳性样本来自同一地块，位于撒马尔罕东北约40公里处。感染BYSMV的植株田间症状包括旗叶发黄和生长受阻。所有对BYSMV-黎巴嫩抗血清呈阳性反应的样本都用另外4种弹状病毒抗血清进行了检测：BYSMV-意大利、BYSMV-摩洛哥、禾谷类褪绿斑驳病毒和美国小麦线条花叶病毒。血清学检测表明，100%的样本与BYSMV-意大利和BYSMV-摩洛哥抗血清发生强烈反应。在十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳及随后的免疫印迹分析中，发现感染BYSMV的植株提取物含有66 kDa和47 kDa的结构蛋白，这是弹状病毒G蛋白和N蛋白的典型特征，二者均与BYSMV-意大利抗血清发生强烈反应。据我们所知，这是BYSMV和CYDV-RPV在乌兹别克斯坦的首次报道。参考文献：(1) K. M. Makkouk和A. Comeau。《欧洲植物病理学杂志》100:71，1994年。(2) K. M. Makkouk等。《植物病害》85:446，2001年。(3) G. N. Webby和R. M. Lister。《植物病害》76:1125，1992年。
