Schall Mark J, Davis Donald D
Department of Plant Pathology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802.
Plant Dis. 2009 Nov;93(11):1158-1162. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-93-11-1158.
Verticillium albo-atrum causes unprecedented wilt and mortality of the invasive tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima) within forests of south-central Pennsylvania. Stem inoculation of potted Ailanthus seedlings in the greenhouse and canopy Ailanthus trees in the field with V. albo-atrum resulted in 100% mortality. Stem inoculation of understory striped maple saplings in the field also resulted in 100% mortality. However, the high susceptibility of striped maple was not observed in naturally infected stands, where only 1% of striped maple saplings exhibited Verticillium wilt. Inoculation of chestnut oak, northern red oak, red maple, sugar maple, white ash, and yellow-poplar seedlings or canopy trees with V. albo-atrum did not induce wilt symptoms. Non-Ailanthus tree species growing adjacent to dead and dying Ailanthus trees in the field were asymptomatic. Pending further studies, V. albo-atrum should be considered as a potential biocontrol agent for invasive Ailanthus.
黑白轮枝菌致使宾夕法尼亚中南部森林里的外来入侵物种臭椿出现前所未有的枯萎和死亡现象。在温室中对盆栽臭椿幼苗以及在野外对臭椿成年树进行茎部接种黑白轮枝菌，均导致100%的死亡率。在野外对林下条纹槭幼树进行茎部接种也导致了100%的死亡率。然而，在自然感染的林分中未观察到条纹槭的高易感性，在那里只有1%的条纹槭幼树表现出黄萎病症状。用黑白轮枝菌接种栗栎、北方红栎、红枫、糖枫、白蜡树和黄杨的幼苗或成年树，并未诱发枯萎症状。在野外，与死亡和垂死的臭椿树相邻生长的非臭椿树种没有症状。在进一步研究之前，黑白轮枝菌应被视为入侵性臭椿的一种潜在生物防治剂。
