Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshui South Road #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China.
Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Bajhol, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173229, India.
Bioresour Technol. 2019 May;279:350-361. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.087. Epub 2019 Jan 22.
Thermozymes (from thermophiles or hyperthermophiles) offer obvious advantages due to their excellent thermostability, broad pH adaptation, and hydrolysis ability, resulting in diverse industrial applications including food, paper, and textile processing, biofuel production. However, natural thermozymes with low yield and poor adaptability severely hinder their large-scale applications. Extensive studies demonstrated that using genetic modifications such as directed evolution, semi-rational design, and rational design, expression regulations and chemical modifications effectively improved enzyme's yield, thermostability and catalytic efficiency. However, mechanism-based techniques for thermozymes improvements and applications need more attention. In this review, stabilizing mechanisms of thermozymes are summarized for thermozymes improvements, and these improved thermozymes eventually have large-scale industrial applications.
热酶（来自嗜热菌或超嗜热菌）具有出色的热稳定性、广泛的 pH 适应能力和水解能力，因此在食品、造纸和纺织加工、生物燃料生产等多个工业领域都有广泛的应用。然而，天然热酶的产量低、适应性差，严重限制了其大规模应用。大量研究表明，通过定向进化、半理性设计和理性设计等遗传修饰手段，以及表达调控和化学修饰等方法，可以有效提高酶的产量、热稳定性和催化效率。然而，基于机制的热酶改进和应用技术还需要更多的关注。本综述总结了热酶的稳定机制，以提高热酶的性能，最终实现其在大规模工业应用中的价值。
