Institute on Membrane Technology (ITM-CNR), via P. Bucci 17/C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
Institute of Nanoscience of Aragon (INA) and Department of Chemical, Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Zaragoza, C/Mariano Esquillor, s/n, I+D+i Building, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.
Molecules. 2019 Feb 12;24(3):638. doi: 10.3390/molecules24030638.
Membrane distillation (MD) has recently gained considerable attention as a valid process for the production of fresh-water due to its ability to exploit low grade waste heat for operation and to ensure a nearly feed concentration-independent production of high-purity distillate. Limitations have been related to polarization phenomena negatively affecting the thermal efficiency of the process and, as a consequence, its productivity. Several theoretical models have been developed to predict the impact of the operating conditions of the process on the thermal polarization, but there is a lack of experimental validation. In this study, electrospun nanofiber membranes (ENMs) made of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and doped with (1, 10-phenanthroline) ruthenium (II) Ru(phen)₃ were tested at different operating conditions (i.e., temperature and velocity of the feed) in direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD). The temperature sensitive luminophore, Ru(phen)₃, allowed the on-line and non-invasive mapping of the temperature at the membrane surface during the process and the experimental evaluation of the effect of the temperature and velocity of the feed on the thermal polarization.
膜蒸馏（MD）最近因其能够利用低品位废热运行并确保近乎与进料浓度无关的高纯度馏出物生产而受到相当大的关注，可用于生产淡水。限制因素与极化现象有关，这些现象会对过程的热效率产生负面影响，从而影响其生产力。已经开发了几种理论模型来预测过程的操作条件对热极化的影响，但缺乏实验验证。在这项研究中，聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）的静电纺纳米纤维膜（ENMs）和掺杂（1,10-邻菲啰啉）钌（II）Ru（phen）₃在不同操作条件（即，进料温度和速度）下在直接接触膜蒸馏（DCMD）中进行了测试。温度敏感发光体 Ru（phen）₃允许在过程中在线和非侵入式地映射膜表面的温度，并实验评估了进料温度和速度对热极化的影响。
