Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan.
Drug Chem Toxicol. 2021 Jan;44(1):1-11. doi: 10.1080/01480545.2018.1525393. Epub 2019 Feb 13.
While nanoparticles (NPs) can be used as insecticides by themselves, they can also be carriers for insecticidal chemicals. Existing literature suggests that the smaller the NP size, the greater the toxicity and penetration into the insect's body. Nonetheless, there is a lack of literature pertaining to the mode of action within insects. This review article summarizes the currently available entomological studies on the mechanisms of NP-insect interactions. Externally, NPs affect pigmentation and integrity of the cuticle, while internally they induce immune responses and alter gene expression leading to altered protein, lipid, and carbohydrate metabolism along with cellular toxicity that impairs development and reproduction of the insect. Consequently, insects are incapacitated due to the disruption of the nutrient intake, production of reactive oxygen species and altered biochemical activity while some NPs can promote growth and development as well as diminish the effects of nontarget toxicity.
虽然纳米颗粒 (NPs) 本身可以用作杀虫剂，但它们也可以作为杀虫剂的载体。现有文献表明，纳米颗粒尺寸越小，毒性和穿透昆虫体的能力就越大。然而，关于昆虫体内作用模式的文献还很缺乏。本文综述了目前关于纳米颗粒-昆虫相互作用机制的昆虫学研究。在外部，纳米颗粒会影响色素沉着和表皮的完整性，而在内部，它们会引起免疫反应并改变基因表达，导致蛋白质、脂质和碳水化合物代谢发生变化，以及细胞毒性，从而损害昆虫的发育和繁殖。因此，由于营养物质摄入的中断、活性氧的产生和生化活性的改变，昆虫会变得虚弱，而一些纳米颗粒可以促进生长和发育，同时减少非靶标毒性的影响。
