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灌水量和施肥对稻田农业面源污染的影响。

Effect of irrigation amount and fertilization on agriculture non-point source pollution in the paddy field.

机构信息

College of Water Conservancy & Environmental Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China.

出版信息

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Apr;26(10):10363-10373. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-04375-z. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Abstract

It is the key point to reveal the effect of irrigation water and fertilization conditions on the agriculture non-point pollution in the paddy field. In this study, the estimation model of agricultural non-point source pollution loads at field scale was established on the basis of agricultural drainage irrigation model and combined with pollutant concentration predication model. Based on the estimation model of agricultural non-point source pollution in the field and experimental data, the load of agricultural non-point source pollution in different irrigate amount and fertilization schedule in paddy field was calculated. The results showed that the variation of field drainage varies greatly under different irrigation conditions, and there is an "inflection point" between the irrigation water amount and field drainage amount. The non-point pollution load increased with the increase of irrigation water and showed a significant power correlation. Under the different irrigation condition, the increase amplitude of non-point pollution load with the increase of irrigation water was different. When the irrigation water is smaller, the non-point pollution load increase relatively less, and when the irrigation water increased to inflection point, the non-point pollution load will increase considerably. In addition, there was a positive correlation between the fertilization and non-point pollution load. The non-point pollution load had obvious difference in different fertilization schedule even with same fertilization level, in which the fertilizer pollution load increased the most in the period of turning green to tillering. The results provide some basis for the field control and management of agricultural non-point source pollution.

摘要

揭示灌溉水和施肥条件对稻田农业面源污染影响的关键在于。本研究基于农业排水灌溉模型,结合污染物浓度预测模型,建立了田间尺度农业非点源污染负荷估算模型。基于田间农业非点源污染估算模型和实验数据,计算了不同灌水量和施肥制度下稻田农业非点源污染的负荷。结果表明,不同灌溉条件下田间排水量变化很大,灌溉水量与田间排水量之间存在“拐点”。非点污染负荷随灌溉水量的增加而增加,呈显著幂函数相关关系。在不同的灌溉条件下,非点污染负荷随灌溉水量增加的增幅不同。当灌溉水量较小时,非点污染负荷增加相对较少,当灌溉水量增加到拐点时,非点污染负荷将显著增加。此外,施肥与非点污染负荷呈正相关。即使在相同施肥水平下,不同施肥制度的非点污染负荷也存在明显差异,其中绿肥至分蘖期肥料污染负荷增加最多。研究结果为农业面源污染的田间控制和管理提供了一定的依据。

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