School of Management Science and Real Estate, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
Research Center for Construction Economics and Management, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
PeerJ. 2023 Jul 26;11:e15717. doi: 10.7717/peerj.15717. eCollection 2023.
Environmental pollution and food safety have become key public health issues to be addressed in China. Since they are closely related to the green development of agriculture, it is of great practical significance to elucidate the intrinsic relationships between green development of agriculture, environmental regulation and residents' health. Based on the panel data of the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2011 to 2020, this study investigates the impacts of environmental regulation and green development of agriculture on residents' health and the influencing mechanism by applying fixed effects method, mediating effectsmethod and the spatial Dubin method. Results show that the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and agricultural films is harmful to residents' health; environmental regulation has a negative correlation with the green development of agriculture and affect residents' health through mediating effects; the green development of agriculture has negative spillover effects on residents' health, indicating that purchasing finished products instead of producing locally reduces the input of production factors such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides and transfers health risks associated with agricultural production activities to neighboring areas. Intensifying command-and-control environmental regulation will induce the expansion of hidden economic activities and harm local residents' health, while intensifying market-incentive environmental regulation will lead to the 'Pollution Haven' phenomenon because of the 'race to the bottom', in government and is harmful to the health of residents in neighboring areas. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate reasonable and feasible policies and strengthen the control and prevention of agricultural pollution to enhance green development of agriculture and improve residents' health.
环境污染与食品安全已成为中国亟待解决的关键公共卫生问题。鉴于它们与农业绿色发展密切相关，阐明农业绿色发展、环境规制与居民健康之间的内在关系具有重要的现实意义。本文利用 2011-2020 年长江经济带面板数据，采用固定效应模型、中介效应模型和空间杜宾模型，实证检验了环境规制与农业绿色发展对居民健康的影响及其作用机制。结果表明，化肥、农药和农膜的使用会损害居民健康；环境规制与农业绿色发展呈负相关，通过中介效应影响居民健康；农业绿色发展对居民健康具有负向溢出效应，即购买成品而不是本地生产会减少化肥、农药等生产要素的投入，并将与农业生产活动相关的健康风险转移到邻近地区。强化命令控制型环境规制会诱发隐性经济活动的扩张，损害当地居民健康，而强化市场激励型环境规制则会因“逐底竞争”而导致“污染避难所”现象，对邻近地区居民的健康造成危害。因此，有必要制定合理可行的政策，加强农业污染防控，以促进农业绿色发展，提高居民健康水平。
