Braun Camille, Eigenmann Philippe
Université Lyon 1 Claude Bernard, 43 boulevard du 11-Novembre-1918, 69100 Villeurbanne, France.
Unité d'allergologie pédiatrique, HUG, 1211 Genève 14.
Rev Med Suisse. 2019 Feb 13;15(638):398-401.
Food allergy reduces the quality of allergic children life because of a lethal risk. Current recommendations are favouring introduction of potentially allergenic foods according to usual, non-delayed, practices. In allergic children, intramuscular epinephrine is the key treatment of anaphylaxis. A self-injectable device must be prescribed in the presence of a severe reaction risk. Allergen avoidance is currently best to avoid an allergic reaction. Specific immunotherapy, essentially oral, is the only treatment for tolerance induction in allergic patients, and may be discussed to prevent severe reactions in the case of accidental ingestion.
食物过敏因存在致命风险而降低了过敏儿童的生活质量。目前的建议倾向于按照常规、不延迟的做法引入潜在的致敏食物。对于过敏儿童，肌肉注射肾上腺素是治疗过敏反应的关键。在存在严重反应风险的情况下，必须开具自动注射装置的处方。目前，避免接触过敏原是预防过敏反应的最佳方法。特异性免疫疗法，主要是口服，是诱导过敏患者产生耐受性的唯一治疗方法，在意外摄入的情况下，可考虑采用该疗法以预防严重反应。
