Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37a Chełmońskiego Str., 51-630 Wrocław, Poland.
Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Feb 5;16(3):468. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16030468.
In this research, we explore for the first time the use of leaf stomatal conductance (g) for phytotoxicity assessment. Plants respond to stress by regulating transpiration. Transpiration can be correlated with stomatal conductance when the water vapor pressure gradient for transpiration is constant. Thus, our working hypothesis was that the g measurement could be a useful indicator of the effect of toxic compounds on plants. This lab-scale study aimed to test the measurement of g as a phytotoxicity indicator. Our model plants were two common hydrophytes used in zero-effluent constructed wetlands for treating landfill leachate. The toxic influence of two types of leachate from old landfills (L1, L2) on common reed ( (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.) and sweet flag ( L.) was tested. The g measurements correlated well with plant response to treatments with six solutions (0 to 100%) of landfill leachate. Sweet flag showed higher tolerance to leachate solutions compared to common reed. The estimated lowest effective concentration (LOEC) causing the toxic effect values for these leachates were 3.94% of L1 and 5.76% of L2 in the case of reed, and 8.51% of L1 and 10.44% of L2 in the case of sweet flag. Leachate L1 was more toxic than L2. The leaf stomatal conductance measurement can be conducted in vivo and in the field. The proposed approach provides a useful parameter for indicating plant responses to the presence of toxic factors in the environment.
在这项研究中，我们首次探索了使用叶片气孔导度（g）进行植物毒性评估。植物通过调节蒸腾作用来应对胁迫。当蒸腾的水汽压梯度恒定时，蒸腾作用可以与气孔导度相关联。因此，我们的工作假设是 g 的测量可以作为有毒化合物对植物影响的有用指标。这项实验室规模的研究旨在测试 g 的测量作为植物毒性指示物的效果。我们的模式植物是两种常用于处理垃圾渗滤液的零排放人工湿地的常见水生植物。两种来自旧垃圾填埋场的渗滤液（L1、L2）对芦苇（(Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.）和菖蒲（ L.）的毒性影响进行了测试。g 的测量与植物对 6 种（0 到 100%）渗滤液处理的反应密切相关。与芦苇相比，菖蒲对渗滤液溶液表现出更高的耐受性。这些渗滤液引起毒性效应的估计最低有效浓度（LOEC）值为芦苇的 3.94%的 L1 和 5.76%的 L2，菖蒲的 8.51%的 L1 和 10.44%的 L2。渗滤液 L1 比 L2 更具毒性。叶片气孔导度的测量可以在体内和现场进行。所提出的方法为指示植物对环境中有毒因素存在的反应提供了一个有用的参数。
