Campbell Katherine E, Szoeke Cassandra E, Dennerstein Lorraine
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
2Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Womens Midlife Health. 2015 Aug 11;1:3. doi: 10.1186/s40695-015-0003-x. eCollection 2015.
As the Australian population ages, significantly more women are entering the postmenopausal stage of the climacteric, yet research focusing on the prevalence of depressive symptoms in this stage of ovarian ageing is scarce. This review will examine the information provided by studies that have a cohort with data of adequate duration to explore depressive symptom prevalence in the early and late postmenopause. Longitudinal epidemiological studies of women transitioning through the postmenopause that included measures of mood and/or depressive symptoms were identified through searches of MEDLINE (1980-2014) and PsycINFO (1980-2014) databases. Population based studies with at least two time points of assessment were included. Longitudinal studies of ageing that did not categorise women as postmenopausal were not included, as this was outside the scope of this review. Prevalence estimates of depressive symptoms varied between studies and ranged from 8.5 % to 25.7 % with percentages between 22 and 25 % being most consistently reported. Surgical postmenopause groups reported higher ratings of depressive symptoms at 18-42 % and higher incidence of major depressive disorder in all but one study. The prevalence of Major Depressive Disorder also varied with ranges from <1 % to 42 % reported. Wide ranges in prevalence were reported in the literature. Differences in definitions, inconsistent sample sizes and varying measures make it difficult to compare results across studies. The specific inclusions and exclusions of sub-samples of larger cohorts are at times inconsistent with epidemiological acquisition and, as such, impact upon generalizability of results to a healthy population.
随着澳大利亚人口老龄化，进入更年期绝经后阶段的女性显著增多，然而针对卵巢衰老这一阶段抑郁症状患病率的研究却很匮乏。本综述将审视那些拥有足够时长数据队列的研究提供的信息，以探究绝经早期和晚期抑郁症状的患病率。通过检索MEDLINE（1980 - 2014年）和PsycINFO（1980 - 2014年）数据库，确定了对处于绝经后过渡阶段女性进行的纵向流行病学研究，这些研究包含情绪和/或抑郁症状的测量。纳入了至少有两个评估时间点的基于人群的研究。未将女性分类为绝经后的衰老纵向研究未被纳入，因为这超出了本综述的范围。各研究中抑郁症状的患病率估计值有所不同，范围在8.5%至25.7%之间，最常报告的百分比在22%至25%之间。手术绝经组报告的抑郁症状评分更高，为18%至42%，除一项研究外，重度抑郁症的发病率也更高。重度抑郁症的患病率也有所不同，报告范围从<1%至42%。文献中报告的患病率范围很广。定义不同、样本量不一致以及测量方法各异，使得跨研究比较结果变得困难。较大队列子样本的具体纳入和排除标准有时与流行病学获取方法不一致，因此影响了结果对健康人群的可推广性。
