衰老与癌症。
Senescence and Cancer.
作者信息
Zeng Sulin, Shen Wen H, Liu Li
机构信息
Department of Microbiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
出版信息
Cancer Transl Med. 2018 May-Jun;4(3):70-74. doi: 10.4103/ctm.ctm_22_18. Epub 2018 Jun 29.
Senescence is a double-edged sword that can function in opposite directions. It is a potential mechanism for a cell to avoid malignant transformation. However, senescence can also promote cancer development by altering the cellular microenvironment through a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). At least, three types of cellular stress such as activation of oncogenes, loss of tumor suppressor genes, and chemo/radiotherapy can induce cell senescence. Oncogene-induced senescence can be intertwiningly associated with the replicative senescence. Early-stage senescence may protect cell from transformation, while prolonged senescence often promotes cancer development. This review will focus on the characteristics of senescence, discuss the regulation of senescence during cancer development, and highlight the complexity of senescence that makes cancer treatment challenging.
衰老犹如一把双刃剑，其作用具有两面性。它是细胞避免恶性转化的一种潜在机制。然而，衰老也可通过衰老相关分泌表型（SASP）改变细胞微环境，从而促进癌症发展。至少，三种类型的细胞应激，如癌基因激活、肿瘤抑制基因缺失以及化学/放射疗法，均可诱导细胞衰老。癌基因诱导的衰老可能与复制性衰老相互交织。早期衰老可能保护细胞免于转化，而长期衰老往往促进癌症发展。本综述将聚焦衰老的特征，探讨癌症发展过程中衰老的调控，并强调衰老的复杂性，正是这种复杂性使得癌症治疗颇具挑战性。
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