College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, 1# Dongsanlu, Erxianqiao, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, P. R. China.
Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
Adv Mater. 2019 Apr;31(15):e1804587. doi: 10.1002/adma.201804587. Epub 2019 Feb 15.
The aprotic lithium-oxygen (Li-O ) battery has excited huge interest due to it having the highest theoretical energy density among the different types of rechargeable battery. The facile achievement of a practical Li-O battery has been proven unrealistic, however. The most significant barrier to progress is the limited understanding of the reaction processes occurring in the battery, especially during the charging process on the positive electrode. Thus, understanding the charging mechanism is of crucial importance to enhance the Li-O battery performance and lifetime. Here, recent progress in understanding the electrochemistry and chemistry related to charging in Li-O batteries is reviewed along with the strategies to address the issues that exist in the charging process at the present stage. The properties of Li O and the mechanisms of Li O oxidation to O on charge are discussed comprehensively, as are the accompanied parasitic chemistries, which are considered as the underlying issues hindering the reversibility of Li-O batteries. Based on the detailed discussion of the charging mechanism, innovative strategies for addressing the issues for the charging process are discussed in detail. This review has profound implications for both a better understanding of charging chemistry and the development of reliable rechargeable Li-O batteries in the future.
非质子锂-氧（Li-O）电池由于其在各种可充电电池中具有最高的理论能量密度而引起了极大的兴趣。然而，实现实用 Li-O 电池的目标被证明是不切实际的。阻碍其发展的最主要障碍是对电池中发生的反应过程的理解有限，特别是在正极的充电过程中。因此，了解充电机制对于提高 Li-O 电池的性能和寿命至关重要。本文综述了近年来对 Li-O 电池充电相关电化学和化学的理解进展，以及目前解决充电过程中存在问题的策略。全面讨论了 LiO 的性质和 LiO 在充电时氧化为 O 的机制，以及伴随的寄生化学，这些化学被认为是阻碍 Li-O 电池可逆性的根本问题。基于对充电机制的详细讨论，详细讨论了解决充电过程中问题的创新策略。本综述对于更好地理解充电化学和未来开发可靠的可充电 Li-O 电池具有深远的意义。
