Shi Angell, Levin Alex V
a Sidney Kimmel Medical College , Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA.
b Pediatric Ophthalmology and Ocular Genetics , Wills Eye Hospital , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA.
Ophthalmic Genet. 2019 Feb;40(1):1-6. doi: 10.1080/13816810.2019.1571617. Epub 2019 Feb 15.
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a congenital disorder characterized by multisystem abnormalities, including distinct ophthalmologic findings. In recent years, advances in molecular genetics have begun to provide new insight into the characterization of these clinical features and the genetic basis of the syndrome.
We included 37 articles that were identified through an electronic search in PubMed and through the reference lists of previously conducted reviews. Studies of 30 or more patients were used to report frequencies of common and less common findings. Genotype-phenotype studies were used to provide additional information when available.
Ocular anomalies are present in most patients with CdLS. Common findings include long eyelashes, synophrys, hirsutism of the eyebrows, peripapillary pigment ring, and myopia. Less common findings include hyperopia, ptosis, blepharitis, short palpebral fissure length, down-slanting palpebral fissures, mild microcornea, strabismus, nystagmus, and optic nerve abnormalities.
This review provides a comprehensive summary of the ophthalmologic findings in CdLS. Mutations in certain genes may be associated with specific ocular abnormalities, although future genotype studies are needed to further characterize these relationships.
