Zamir Muhammad Affan, Hakim Wasim, Yusuf Siraj, Thomas Robert
Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0HS, United Kingdom.
Curr Radiopharm. 2019;12(2):135-155. doi: 10.2174/1874471012666190214165845.
Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours (p-NETs) are an important disease entity and comprise of peptide-secreting tumours often with a functional syndrome. Accounting for a small percentage of all pancreatic tumours, they have a good overall survival rate when diagnosed early, with surgery being curative. The role of nuclear medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of these tumours is evident. However, the vast majority of patients will require extensive imaging in the form of conventional radiological techniques. It is important for clinicians to have a fundamental understanding of the p-NET appearances to aid prompt identification and to help direct management through neoplastic staging.
This article will review the advantages and disadvantages of conventional radiological techniques in the context of p-NETs and highlight features that these tumours exhibit.
Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours are a unique collection of neoplasms that have markedly disparate clinical features but similar imaging characteristics. Most p-NETs are small and welldefined with homogenous enhancement following contrast administration, although larger and less welldifferentiated tumours can demonstrate areas of necrosis and cystic architecture with heterogeneous enhancement characteristics. Prognosis is generally favourable for these tumours with various treatment options available. However, conventional radiological techniques will remain the foundation for the initial diagnosis and staging of these tumours, and a grasp of these modalities is extremely important for physicians.
胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤（p-NETs）是一种重要的疾病实体，由常伴有功能性综合征的肽分泌肿瘤组成。它们在所有胰腺肿瘤中占比小，早期诊断时总体生存率良好，手术可治愈。核医学在这些肿瘤的诊断和治疗中的作用是明显的。然而，绝大多数患者将需要采用传统放射技术进行广泛的成像检查。临床医生对p-NETs的表现有基本的了解，有助于及时识别并通过肿瘤分期指导治疗，这一点很重要。
本文将回顾在p-NETs背景下传统放射技术的优缺点，并突出这些肿瘤所呈现的特征。
胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤是一组独特的肿瘤，具有明显不同的临床特征但成像特征相似。大多数p-NETs体积小、边界清晰，增强扫描后呈均匀强化，不过较大且分化程度较低的肿瘤可表现出坏死区域和具有不均匀强化特征的囊性结构。这些肿瘤的预后通常良好，有多种治疗选择。然而，传统放射技术仍将是这些肿瘤初始诊断和分期的基础，掌握这些方法对医生极为重要。
