de Cara M, Heras F, Santos M, Marquina J C Tello
Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Universidad de Almería, La Cañada de San Urbano s/n. 04120 Almería, Spain.
Plant Dis. 2008 Sep;92(9):1371. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-92-9-1371B.
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is produced in more than 9,000 ha of greenhouses in Almería (southeastern Spain). During 2006 and 2007, a new disease was observed on almost all plants in 37 greenhouses. Yellow spots on upper and lower leaf surfaces were accompanied by gray-to-dark brown mycelia, conidiophores, and conidia on lower leaf surfaces. Affected leaves became necrotic and withered. Six isolates grown on malt extract agar (MEA) were identified as Fulvia fulva (1). The one- to three-celled conidia ranged from 21.8 × 7.8 μm to 21.5 × 6.5 μm. On MEA, potato dextrose agar, and V8 juice agar, the pathogen grew slowly; colonies were only 1 cm in diameter after 30 days. Colony color was initially intense yellow but became dark brown with age. In a growth chamber (12,000 lux for 16 h per day, 23 to 28°C, and 60 to 95% relative humidity), six pots containing five tomato plants (cv. SanPedro) at the four-true-leaf stage were inoculated with a conidial suspension (10 CFU/ml) of F. fulva. Control plants were sprayed with water. The trial was repeated once. Immediately after inoculation, plants were sealed in plastic bags for 8 days. Symptoms of the disease and signs of the pathogen were observed on all inoculated plants 18 days after inoculation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of leaf mold of tomato in Almería and it is becoming common in the greenhouse industry in this region. Reference: (1) P. Holliday and J. L. Mulder. No. 487 in: Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria. CMI, Kew, Surrey, UK, 1976.
番茄（Solanum lycopersicum L.）在阿尔梅里亚（西班牙东南部）9000多公顷的温室中种植。在2006年和2007年期间，在37个温室中的几乎所有植株上观察到一种新病害。叶片上、下表面出现黄斑，同时下表面伴有从灰色到深褐色的菌丝体、分生孢子梗和分生孢子。受影响的叶片坏死并枯萎。在麦芽提取物琼脂（MEA）上生长的6个分离株被鉴定为番茄叶霉病菌（Fulvia fulva）（1）。一至三细胞的分生孢子大小范围为21.8×7.8μm至21.5×6.5μm。在MEA、马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂和V8汁琼脂上，病原菌生长缓慢；30天后菌落直径仅为1厘米。菌落颜色最初为鲜黄色，但随着时间推移变为深褐色。在生长室（每天16小时光照强度为12000勒克斯，温度23至28°C，相对湿度60至95%）中，将6盆处于四叶期的番茄植株（品种为SanPedro）用番茄叶霉病菌的分生孢子悬浮液（10 CFU/ml）接种。对照植株喷水。试验重复一次。接种后立即将植株密封在塑料袋中8天。接种18天后，在所有接种植株上观察到病害症状和病原菌迹象。据我们所知，这是阿尔梅里亚番茄叶霉病的首次报道，并且在该地区的温室产业中变得普遍。参考文献：（1）P. Holliday和J. L. Mulder。载于《病原真菌和细菌描述》第487号。英国皇家植物园真菌研究所，英国萨里郡邱园，1976年。
