Tian T, Liu H-Y, Koike S T
Plant Pest Diagnostics Center, California Department of Food and Agriculture, 3942 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, 95832.
USDA-ARS, 1636 East Alisal Street, Salinas, CA 93905.
Plant Dis. 2008 Aug;92(8):1254. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-92-8-1254B.
Recently, Apium virus Y (ApVY) was detected in field-grown cilantro (Coriandrum sativum), celery (Apium graveolens), and parsley (Petroselinum crispum) in California. In 2003, cilantro plants growing in three different fields in California (Monterey, San Joaquin, and San Luis Obispo counties) expressed symptoms of mosaic, vein clearing, and stunting. When plant sap was examined by transmission electron microscopy, flexuous, rod-shaped virus particles were observed. Total RNA was extracted from the symptomatic cilantro plants and used as a template in reverse transcription (RT)-PCR using universal potyvirus primers according to Chen et al. (1). The RT-PCR product was cloned into pGEM-T (Promega, Madison, WI) and the insert of 1,713 bp was sequenced (GenBank Accession No. EU515125). Nucleotide sequences from clones derived from three different infected cilantro plants were 89 to 97% identical to ApVY sequences encoding partial sequence of polyprotein in GenBank (Accession Nos. AY049716, EU127499, AF207594, AF203529, and EU255632). In 2007, celery plants showing necrotic line patterns and necrotic lesions on lower leaves and petioles were observed in several fields in two coastal counties in California (Monterey and Santa Clara counties). Flexuous, rod-shaped virus particles were also observed in the sap of those plants. ELISA for Cucumber mosaic virus and RT-PCR for Celery mosaic virus were negative. ApVY specific primers were designed on the basis of a consensus sequence of ApVY identified from cilantro in 2003; reverse primer 5'-GGCTCTTGCTATAGACAAATAGT-3' and forward primer 5'-GAAGACCAAGCCAATGTGTGTA-3'. The sequence of RT-PCR products (GenBank Accession No. EU515126) amplified from infected celery had 90 to 98% nucleotide identity to ApVY. When the deduced amino acid sequences of NIb and CP regions from both cilantro and celery were used for comparison, they showed 95 to 99% identity with the known ApVY GenBank sequences mentioned above. More than 10 asymptomatic parsley plants growing in fields adjacent to the infected celery were also tested for ApVY and found to be infected. ApVY was previously identified in three Apiaceae weeds in Australia (2) and in celery in New Zealand (3). To our knowledge, this is the first report of ApVY on cilantro, celery, and parsley in California. References: (1) J. Chen et al. Arch. Virol. 146:757, 2001. (2) J. Moran et al. Arch. Virol. 147:1855, 2002. (3) J. Tang et al. Plant Dis. 91:1682, 2007.
最近，在加利福尼亚州田间种植的香菜（芫荽）、芹菜和欧芹中检测到了芹菜病毒Y（ApVY）。2003年，生长在加利福尼亚州三个不同田间（蒙特雷、圣华金和圣路易斯奥比斯波县）的香菜植株出现了花叶、叶脉黄化和矮化症状。当通过透射电子显微镜检查植物汁液时，观察到了弯曲的杆状病毒粒子。从有症状的香菜植株中提取总RNA，并根据Chen等人（1）的方法，使用通用马铃薯Y病毒引物作为逆转录（RT）-PCR的模板。将RT-PCR产物克隆到pGEM-T（Promega公司，威斯康星州麦迪逊）中，并对1713 bp的插入片段进行测序（GenBank登录号EU515125）。来自三株不同感染香菜植株的克隆核苷酸序列与GenBank中编码多聚蛋白部分序列的ApVY序列有89%至97%的同一性（登录号AY049716、EU127499、AF207594、AF203529和EU255632）。2007年，在加利福尼亚州两个沿海县（蒙特雷和圣克拉拉县）的几个田间观察到芹菜植株下部叶片和叶柄出现坏死线条图案和坏死病斑。在这些植株的汁液中也观察到了弯曲的杆状病毒粒子。黄瓜花叶病毒的ELISA检测和芹菜花叶病毒的RT-PCR检测均为阴性。基于2003年从香菜中鉴定出的ApVY的共有序列设计了ApVY特异性引物；反向引物5'-GGCTCTTGCTATAGACAAATAGT-3'和正向引物5'-GAAGACCAAGCCAATGTGTGTA-3'。从受感染芹菜中扩增出的RT-PCR产物序列（GenBank登录号EU515126）与ApVY有90%至98%的核苷酸同一性。当将香菜和芹菜的NIb和CP区域的推导氨基酸序列进行比较时，它们与上述已知的ApVY GenBank序列有95%至99%的同一性。还对生长在受感染芹菜相邻田间的10多株无症状欧芹植株进行了ApVY检测，发现它们也受到了感染。ApVY先前在澳大利亚的三种伞形科杂草中（2）以及新西兰的芹菜中（3）被鉴定出。据我们所知，这是ApVY在加利福尼亚州的香菜、芹菜和欧芹上的首次报道。参考文献：（1）J. Chen等人，《病毒学档案》146:757，2001年。（2）J. Moran等人，《病毒学档案》147:1855，2002年。（3）J. Tang等人，《植物病害》91:1682，2007年。
