Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
Cancer Lett. 2019 May 1;449:66-75. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.02.009. Epub 2019 Feb 13.
Angiogenesis is critical for breast cancer progression. Overexpression of HER-2/neu receptors occur in 25-30% of breast cancers, and treatment with trastuzumab inhibits HER-2-overexpressing tumor growth. Notably, HER-2-mediated signaling enhances vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion to increase tumor-associated angiogenesis. Squalamine (aminosterol compound) suppresses VEGF-induced activation of kinases in vascular endothelial cells and inhibits tumor-associated angiogenesis. We assessed antitumor effects of squalamine either alone or with trastuzumab in nude mice bearing breast tumor xenografts without (MCF-7) or with HER2-overexpression (MCF-7/HER-2). Squalamine alone inhibited progression of MCF-7 tumors lacking HER2 overexpression, and squalamine combined with trastuzumab elicited marked inhibition of MCF-7/HER2 growth exceeding that of trastuzumab alone. MCF-7/HER-2 cells secrete higher levels of VEGF than MCF-7 cells, but squalamine elicited no growth inhibition of either MCF-7/HER-2 or MCF-7 cells in vitro. However, squalamine did stop growth of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and reduced VEGF-induced endothelial tube-like formations in vitro. These effects correlated with blockade of focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation and stress fiber assembly in HUVECs. Thus, squalamine effectively inhibits growth of breast cancers with or without HER-2-overexpression, an effect due in part to blockade of tumor-associated angiogenesis.
血管生成对于乳腺癌的进展至关重要。HER-2/neu 受体的过度表达发生在 25-30%的乳腺癌中,曲妥珠单抗的治疗抑制了 HER-2 过表达肿瘤的生长。值得注意的是,HER-2 介导的信号增强了血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的分泌,从而增加了肿瘤相关的血管生成。鲨肝醇(氨基固醇化合物)抑制了血管内皮细胞中 VEGF 诱导的激酶激活,并抑制了肿瘤相关的血管生成。我们评估了鲨肝醇单独或与曲妥珠单抗联合使用在不表达 HER-2(MCF-7)或过表达 HER-2(MCF-7/HER-2)的裸鼠乳腺癌异种移植模型中的抗肿瘤作用。鲨肝醇单独抑制了缺乏 HER-2 过表达的 MCF-7 肿瘤的进展,并且鲨肝醇与曲妥珠单抗联合使用可显著抑制 MCF-7/HER-2 的生长,超过了单独使用曲妥珠单抗的效果。与 MCF-7 细胞相比,MCF-7/HER-2 细胞分泌更高水平的 VEGF,但鲨肝醇在体外对 MCF-7/HER-2 或 MCF-7 细胞没有生长抑制作用。然而,鲨肝醇确实阻止了人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)的生长,并减少了 VEGF 诱导的内皮管状形成。这些作用与阻断 HUVECs 中的粘着斑激酶磷酸化和应激纤维组装相关。因此,鲨肝醇有效地抑制了 HER-2 过表达或不表达的乳腺癌的生长,其部分作用是通过阻断肿瘤相关的血管生成。