Oberlin College, Department of Psychology, 120 West Lorain Street, Oberlin, OH 44074, USA.
Addict Behav. 2019 Jun;93:233-239. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.02.003. Epub 2019 Feb 7.
Rates of legal medical cannabis (MC) use are increasing, but little is known about the prevalence and correlates of recreational cannabis (RC) use among medical users (MC/R).
348 MC users who resided in a state in which MC is legal and had medical authorization to use MC legally completed an anonymous survey in Spring 2017 (64.1% female, 82.8% White, mean age 33.03[±10.37] years). Rates of endorsing MC/R and the following potential correlates of MC/R were examined: the legal status of RC in participants' states of residence, sex, age, race, primary medical condition, MC product(s) used, MC expectancies, features of MC sought out (e.g., high tetrahydrocannabinol [THC] content), and negative cannabis use consequences.
55.5% of MC users engaged in MC/R. MC/R was associated with residing in a state in which RC is legal, being female, using MC for pain or mental health conditions, vaping MC concentrates, holding positive expectancies for combustible MC, and seeking out MC products with high THC concentrations. Preferring MC products with high cannabidiol (CBD) concentrations protected against MC/R.
More than half of MC users endorsed MC/R, which is considerably higher than rates of misuse observed for other prescription medications. Findings raise concerns about circumvention of RC laws in states where RC remains illegal and could be used to inform MC regulatory efforts (e.g., reducing THC content, increasing CBD content). Findings also suggest that prevention/intervention efforts to reduce MC/R are needed, especially among high-risk populations of MC users (e.g., women, pain patients, psychiatric patients).
合法医用大麻（MC）的使用率正在上升，但人们对医用大麻使用者（MC/R）中娱乐性大麻（RC）使用的流行率和相关因素知之甚少。
2017 年春季，348 名居住在医用大麻合法且有合法使用医用大麻授权的州的 MC 用户完成了一项匿名调查（64.1%为女性，82.8%为白人，平均年龄为 33.03[±10.37]岁）。检查了支持 MC/R 的比率以及 MC/R 的以下潜在相关因素：参与者居住州 RC 的法律地位、性别、年龄、种族、主要医疗状况、使用的 MC 产品、MC 预期、寻求的 MC 特征（例如，高四氢大麻酚[THC]含量）以及负面的大麻使用后果。
55.5%的 MC 用户从事 MC/R。MC/R 与居住在 RC 合法的州、女性、因疼痛或心理健康状况使用 MC、吸食 MC 浓缩物、对可燃 MC 持有积极预期以及寻求高 THC 浓度的 MC 产品有关。偏爱高大麻二酚（CBD）浓度的 MC 产品可预防 MC/R。
超过一半的 MC 用户支持 MC/R，这明显高于其他处方药滥用的比率。这些发现引起了人们对在 RC 仍然非法的州规避 RC 法律的关注，并可用于为 MC 监管工作提供信息（例如，降低 THC 含量，增加 CBD 含量）。研究结果还表明，需要采取预防/干预措施来减少 MC/R，特别是针对高风险的 MC 用户群体（例如，女性、疼痛患者、精神疾病患者）。
