Humphreys Mike W, Doonan John H, Boyle Roger, Rodriguez Anyela C, Marley Christina L, Williams Kevin, Farrell Markku S, Brook Jason, Gasior Dagmara, Loka Dimitra, Collins Rosemary P, Marshall Athole H, Allen Debbie K, Yadav Rattan S, Dungait Jennifer A J, Murray Phil, Harper John A
IBERS Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan Aberystwyth Ceredigion UK.
Genetics and Breeding The John Bingham Laboratory National Institute of Agricultural Botany (NIAB) Cambridge UK.
Food Energy Secur. 2018 Nov;7(4):e00145. doi: 10.1002/fes3.145. Epub 2018 Oct 2.
The incorporation of new sophisticated phenotyping technologies within a crop improvement program allows for a plant breeding strategy that can include selections for major root traits previously inaccessible due to the challenges in their phenotype assessment. High-throughput precision phenotyping technology is employed to evaluate root ontogeny and progressive changes to root architecture of both novel amphiploid and introgression lines of over four consecutive months of the growing season and these compared under the same time frame to that of closely related perennial ryegrass () varieties. Root imaging using conventional photography and assembled multiple merged images was used to compare frequencies in root number, their distribution within 0-20 and 20-40 cm depths within soil columns, and progressive changes over time. The hybrids had more extensive root systems in comparison with , and this was especially evident at depth. It was shown that the acquisition of extensive root systems in hybrids was not dependent on the presence of an entire genome. On the contrary, the most pronounced effect on root development within the four populations studied was observed in the introgression line Bx509, where a single small genome sequence from had been previously transferred onto its homoeologous site on the long arm of chromosome 3 of an otherwise complete genome. This demonstrates that a targeted introgression-breeding approach may be sufficient to confer a significant improvement in the root morphology in without a significant compromise to its genome integrity. The forage production of Bx509 was either higher (months 1-3) or equivalent to (month 4) that of its parent control demonstrating that the enhanced root development achieved by the introgression line was without compromise to its agronomic performance.
在作物改良计划中纳入新的复杂表型分析技术，有助于制定一种植物育种策略，该策略可以包括对以前由于表型评估挑战而难以获得的主要根系性状进行选择。利用高通量精准表型分析技术，在生长季连续四个多月评估新型双二倍体和渗入系的根系个体发育及根系结构的渐进变化，并在相同时间框架内与近缘多年生黑麦草（Lolium perenne）品种进行比较。使用传统摄影和组装的多个合并图像进行根系成像，以比较根数量的频率、它们在土柱内0-20厘米和20-40厘米深度内的分布以及随时间的渐进变化。与Lolium perenne相比，Lolium multiflorum杂种具有更广泛的根系系统，这在深层尤其明显。结果表明，Lolium multiflorum杂种广泛根系系统的获得并不依赖于整个Festuca pratensis基因组的存在。相反，在研究的四个Lolium multiflorum群体中，对根系发育影响最显著的是渗入系Bx509，在该渗入系中，一个来自Festuca pratensis的小基因组序列先前已转移到其在一个完整Lolium multiflorum基因组第3号染色体长臂上的同源位点。这表明，有针对性的渗入育种方法可能足以在不显著损害其基因组完整性的情况下，使Lolium multiflorum的根系形态得到显著改善。Bx509的牧草产量在第1-3个月高于其Lolium perenne亲本对照，在第4个月与之相当，这表明渗入系实现的根系发育增强并未损害其农艺性能。
