Kopecký D, Loureiro J, Zwierzykowski Z, Ghesquière M, Dolezel J
Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Cytometry, Institute of Experimental Botany, Sokolovská 6, 77200 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Theor Appl Genet. 2006 Aug;113(4):731-42. doi: 10.1007/s00122-006-0341-z. Epub 2006 Jul 11.
Festulolium hybrids are being increasingly used worldwide as forage grasses. This is due to their superior agronomic characteristics, which combine yield performance of ryegrasses (Lolium multiflorum and L. perenne) and tolerance against abiotic stress of fescues (Festuca pratensis, F. arundinacea and F. arundinacea var. glaucescens). Despite the widespread use, only fragmentary information exists on their genomic constitution. We used genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) to analyze genomic constitution of over 600 plants from almost all commercially available cultivars of Festulolium. Our results revealed a surprisingly large range of variation in the proportions of parental genomes and in the extent of intergenomic recombination. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with probes for ribosomal DNA, we assessed the frequency of recombination and elimination of particular chromosomes and chromosome groups in three contrasting Festulolium cultivars. This study provides novel information that will aid in understanding the relationship between a genetic make-up and the phenotype of Festulolium hybrids. Our results indicate that GISH might be a useful tool to aid in Festulolium breeding and provide data for a more detailed description of registered cultivars.
杂种羊茅在世界范围内越来越多地被用作饲草。这是因为它们具有优良的农艺特性，结合了黑麦草（多花黑麦草和多年生黑麦草）的产量表现以及羊茅（草地羊茅、高羊茅和 glaucescens 高羊茅变种）对非生物胁迫的耐受性。尽管其应用广泛，但关于它们基因组构成的信息却支离破碎。我们利用基因组原位杂交（GISH）分析了几乎所有市售杂种羊茅品种的 600 多株植物的基因组构成。我们的结果显示，亲本基因组比例和基因组间重组程度存在惊人的广泛变异。使用核糖体 DNA 探针进行荧光原位杂交（FISH），我们评估了三个对比鲜明的杂种羊茅品种中特定染色体和染色体组的重组和消除频率。这项研究提供了新的信息，将有助于理解杂种羊茅的遗传组成与表型之间的关系。我们的结果表明，GISH 可能是有助于杂种羊茅育种的有用工具，并为更详细描述注册品种提供数据。
