Pezzuto Federica, Fortarezza Francesco, Lunardi Francesca, Calabrese Fiorella
Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova Medical School, Padova, Italy.
J Thorac Dis. 2019 Jan;11(Suppl 1):S102-S112. doi: 10.21037/jtd.2018.12.14.
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC), an aggressive lung tumour with a poor prognosis, has a high load of somatic mutations, mainly induced by tobacco carcinogens given the strong association with smoking. Advances in genomic, epigenetic and proteomic profiling have significantly improved our understanding of the molecular and cellular biology of SCLC. Given the high mutational burden of SCLC the immune microenvironment is another exciting area under investigation even if it seems to be quite distinct from that of other solid tumours. In this review we will outline the current progress in molecular etiology of SCLC mentioning some key markers considered promising theranostic biomarkers.
小细胞肺癌（SCLC）是一种侵袭性强、预后差的肺部肿瘤，具有高负荷的体细胞突变，鉴于其与吸烟的密切关联，主要由烟草致癌物诱发。基因组、表观遗传学和蛋白质组学分析的进展显著提高了我们对SCLC分子和细胞生物学的理解。鉴于SCLC的高突变负担，免疫微环境是另一个令人兴奋的研究领域，即使它似乎与其他实体瘤的免疫微环境截然不同。在本综述中，我们将概述SCLC分子病因学的当前进展，并提及一些被认为有望成为治疗诊断生物标志物的关键标志物。
