Myresiotis C K, Karaoglanidis G S, Tzavella-Klonari K
Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Agriculture, Plant Pathology Laboratory, POB 269, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Hellenic Sugar Industry S.A., Plant Protection Department, Sugar Factory of Platy, 59032, Platy Imathias, Greece.
Plant Dis. 2007 Apr;91(4):407-413. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-91-4-0407.
During February 2005, 55 single-spore isolates of Botrytis cinerea were collected at the end of the season from vegetable crops grown in 18 greenhouses on the island of Crete, Greece. They were tested for sensitivity to the anilinopyrimidine fungicides pyrimethanil and cyprodinil, the hydroxyanilide fungicide fenhexamid, the phenylpyrrole fungicide fludioxonil, the dicarboximide fungicide iprodione, and the benzimidazole fungicide carbendazim. Results of the study showed the existence of benzimidazole- and dicarboximide-resistant strains at frequencies of 61.8 and 18%, respectively. Moreover, for first time, the development of resistance to anilinopyrimidine fungicides by B. cinerea was detected in greenhouse vegetable crops on the island of Crete. High resistance frequencies of 49.1 and 57.4% were observed for pyrimethanil and cyprodinil, respectively. In addition, one isolate was found to be resistant to the hydroxyanilide fungicide fenhexamid, while no strains resistant to the phenylpyrrole fungicide were detected. Among the 55 isolates tested, 13 were resistant only to carbendazim, 6 were resistant only to anilinopyrimidines, 3 were resistant to both benzimidazoles and dicarboximides, 17 were resistant to both benzimidazoles and anilinopyrimidines, 6 were resistant to both dicarboximides and anilinopyrimidines, 1 was simultaneously resistant to benzimidazoles, dicarboximides, and anilinopyrimidines, 1 was resistant to both anilinopyrimidines and hydroxyanilides, and 8 were sensitive to all fungicides tested. A strong cross-resistance relationship was found between the two anilinopyrimidine fungicides tested when log transformed EC values of the isolates were subjected to a linear regression analysis (r = 0.71). Despite the detection of several phenotypes with simultaneous resistance to chemically unrelated active ingredients, in none of the remaining possible fungicide pairs was there observed any kind of cross-resistance relationship.
2005年2月，在希腊克里特岛的18个温室种植的蔬菜作物季末，采集了55个灰葡萄孢单孢分离株。对它们进行了对苯胺嘧啶类杀菌剂嘧霉胺和环丙嘧啶、羟基苯胺类杀菌剂氟酰胺、苯基吡咯类杀菌剂咯菌腈、二甲酰亚胺类杀菌剂异菌脲以及苯并咪唑类杀菌剂多菌灵的敏感性测试。研究结果表明，存在苯并咪唑抗性和二甲酰亚胺抗性菌株，频率分别为61.8%和18%。此外，首次在克里特岛的温室蔬菜作物中检测到灰葡萄孢对苯胺嘧啶类杀菌剂产生抗性。嘧霉胺和环丙嘧啶的抗性频率分别高达49.1%和57.4%。此外，发现1个分离株对羟基苯胺类杀菌剂氟酰胺有抗性，而未检测到对苯基吡咯类杀菌剂有抗性的菌株。在测试的55个分离株中，13个仅对多菌灵有抗性，6个仅对苯胺嘧啶类有抗性，3个对苯并咪唑类和二甲酰亚胺类均有抗性，17个对苯并咪唑类和苯胺嘧啶类均有抗性，6个对二甲酰亚胺类和苯胺嘧啶类均有抗性，1个同时对苯并咪唑类、二甲酰亚胺类和苯胺嘧啶类有抗性，1个对苯胺嘧啶类和羟基苯胺类均有抗性，8个对所有测试杀菌剂敏感。当对分离株的对数转换EC值进行线性回归分析时，发现所测试的两种苯胺嘧啶类杀菌剂之间存在很强的交叉抗性关系（r = 0.71）。尽管检测到几种对化学性质不相关活性成分同时具有抗性的表型，但在其余任何可能的杀菌剂组合中均未观察到任何类型的交叉抗性关系。
