Dylevský I
Department of Anatomy, Charles University Medical Faculty, Prague.
Acta Univ Carol Med Monogr. 1988;127:5-195.
In this paper we are submitting studies on the onto- and phylogenetic development of the superficial muscular and fascial layers of the hand and forearm of mammals. The object of this study was to investigate the following items: the ontogenetic development of the m. flexor digitorum superficialis, of the m. flexor digitorum profundus, of the m. palmaris longus, of the palmaris brevis of the human hand, the nerve supply of these muscles, the development of palmar and plantar aponeurosis and of other fasciae related to the palmar and plantar aponeuroses. We compared conclusions drawn from the studies on the ontogenetic development with observations gained from the phylogenetic development of the structures of the human hand and forearm and applied our findings to various species of mammals. The results of these comparisons are expressed in this study presenting interpretations of the phylogenetic development of superficial muscular and fascial layers of the mammalian hand and foot. Furthermore we ascertained the homology of the superficial muscular and fascial layer of the mammalian autopodion, we reviewed one of the theories on the origin of Dupuytren's contracture and commented on opinions of the developmental origin of certain muscular varieties present in the human hand and forearm. Apart from this we established certain basic data on the development of the fasciae of the human hand and foot. Our findings on the variability of the palmar aponeurotic attachments of the human hand were confronted with the incidence and frequency of one particular finger when affected by a Dupuytren's contracture and we commented on the predisposition of certain fingers or toes for the affliction of this impairment. We conducted 152 series of histological sections through the hand and feet of embryos and foetuses sized 12-100 mm in c.-r. length, as well as 84 series of histological transverse sections through human embryonal hands in order to study the ontogenetic development of superficial muscular and fascial layers of the human hand, forearm and foot. The embryonal extremities were cut transversally, parallel to the palm and several sagittal sections were carried out for control purposes. The phylogenetic development of the superficial muscular and fascial layers of the hand was investigated by specimens processed under a micro-dissecting microscope. 55 specimens of various extremities were thus prepared, obtained from 22 species of mammals. Many animals were selected in order to cover species of mammals significant for their evolution.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
在本文中，我们提交了关于哺乳动物手部和前臂浅层肌肉与筋膜层的个体发生和系统发育的研究。本研究的目的是调查以下项目：人类手部指浅屈肌、指深屈肌、掌长肌、掌短肌的个体发育，这些肌肉的神经供应，掌腱膜和跖腱膜以及与掌腱膜和跖腱膜相关的其他筋膜的发育。我们将个体发育研究得出的结论与从人类手部和前臂结构的系统发育观察中获得的结果进行比较，并将我们的发现应用于各种哺乳动物物种。这些比较的结果在本研究中得以体现，呈现了对哺乳动物手部和足部浅层肌肉与筋膜层系统发育的解释。此外，我们确定了哺乳动物手部浅层肌肉和筋膜层的同源性，回顾了关于掌腱膜挛缩起源的一种理论，并对人类手部和前臂中某些肌肉变异的发育起源观点进行了评论。除此之外，我们建立了关于人类手部和足部筋膜发育的某些基础数据。我们关于人类手部掌腱膜附着变异性的发现与特定手指受掌腱膜挛缩影响时的发病率和频率进行了对比，并对某些手指或脚趾患这种损伤的易感性进行了评论。我们对12 - 100毫米（头臀长）的胚胎和胎儿的手与脚进行了152组组织学切片，以及对人类胚胎手部进行了84组组织学横切片，以研究人类手部、前臂和足部浅层肌肉与筋膜层的个体发育。胚胎肢体平行于手掌横向切割，并进行了几个矢状切片用于对照。通过在显微解剖显微镜下处理的标本研究了手部浅层肌肉和筋膜层的系统发育。由此制备了55个来自22种哺乳动物的不同肢体标本。选择了许多动物以涵盖在进化方面具有重要意义的哺乳动物物种。（摘要截断于400字）
