Funnell Deanna L, Pedersen Jeffrey F
USDA-ARS, Wheat, Sorghum and Forage Research, and Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68583-0937.
USDA-ARS, Wheat, Sorghum and Forage Research, and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68583-0937.
Plant Dis. 2006 Apr;90(4):411-418. doi: 10.1094/PD-90-0411.
White sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) grain from tan plants is more desirable for human or animal consumption. Colonization by Fusarium and Alternaria spp. was assessed for near-isogenic lines differing in wound response (purple or tan) and pericarp color (red or white) in field-grown grain and in greenhouse-grown plants. Seeds were screened on a semi-selective medium for Alternaria and Fusarium. Significantly fewer fungal colonies were obtained from tan plants with white seed, and fewer numbers of Alternaria colonies were obtained from white seed, regardless of plant color, from an irrigated field, while there were no differences in fungal composition of seeds grown at a nonirrigated field. Screening of seed from the nonirrigated field on Fusarium semi-selective medium yielded fewer Fusarium isolations from seed grown on purple plants compared with seed from tan plants. When inoculated with Alternaria sp. and F. moniliforme, there can be no differences in lesion lengths on tan/white plants when compared with purple/red plants in most assays; in one assay, tan/white plants had smaller lesion lengths following inoculation with F. moniliforme. These results suggest that plants with white seeds were as resistant as plants with the red pericarp trait to colonization by Alternaria and Fusarium spp. However, the results also suggest that under appropriate environmental conditions seed from tan plants may be more susceptible to Fusarium spp. than seed from purple plants.
来自棕色植株的白高粱（双色高粱）籽粒更适合人类或动物食用。对田间种植的籽粒和温室种植的植株中，伤口反应（紫色或棕色）和果皮颜色（红色或白色）不同的近等基因系进行了镰刀菌属和链格孢属的定殖评估。种子在用于链格孢属和镰刀菌属的半选择性培养基上进行筛选。从具有白色种子的棕色植株中获得的真菌菌落明显较少，并且从灌溉田的白色种子中获得的链格孢属菌落数量较少，无论植株颜色如何，而在非灌溉田种植的种子的真菌组成没有差异。在镰刀菌半选择性培养基上对非灌溉田的种子进行筛选时，与棕色植株上生长的种子相比，从紫色植株上生长的种子中分离出的镰刀菌较少。当接种链格孢属和串珠镰刀菌时，在大多数试验中，与紫色/红色植株相比，棕色/白色植株上的病斑长度没有差异；在一项试验中，接种串珠镰刀菌后，棕色/白色植株的病斑长度较小。这些结果表明，具有白色种子的植株与具有红色果皮性状的植株对链格孢属和镰刀菌属的定殖具有相同的抗性。然而，结果也表明，在适当的环境条件下，棕色植株的种子可能比紫色植株的种子更容易受到镰刀菌属的影响。
