Hobbs H A, Hill C B, Grau C R, Koval N C, Wang Y, Pedersen W L, Domier L L, Hartman G L
Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.
Plant Dis. 2006 Apr;90(4):513-518. doi: 10.1094/PD-90-0513.
Green stem disorder of soybean (Glycine max) is characterized by delayed senescence of stems with normal pod ripening and seed maturation. Three different field research approaches were designed to determine the relationship of green stem disorder to Bean pod mottle virus (BPMV) and other potential factors that may be involved in causing this disorder. The first research approach surveyed green stem disorder and BPMV in individual plants monitored in several commercial soybean fields during three growing seasons. Leaf samples from maturing plants (growth stage R6) were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for BPMV. The percentage of monitored plants infected with BPMV at growth stage R6 in some fields was higher than the incidence of green stem disorder at harvest maturity. Many plants infected with BPMV did not develop green stem disorder, and conversely, many plants that had green stem disorder were not infected with BPMV. According to a chi-square test of independence, the data indicated that green stem disorder was independent of BPMV infection at growth stage R6 (P = 0.98). A second research approach compared green stem disorder incidence in an identical set of soybean entries planted in two locations with different levels of natural virus infection. Despite differences in virus infection, including BPMV incidence, 20 of 24 entries had similar green stem disorder incidence at the two locations. A third research approach completed over two growing seasons in field cages showed that green stem disorder developed without BPMV infection. BPMV infection did not increase green stem disorder incidence in comparison to controls. Bean leaf beetle, leaf hopper, or stinkbug feeding did not have an effect on the incidence of green stem disorder. The cause of the green stem disorder remains unknown.
大豆绿茎病（Glycine max）的特征是茎的衰老延迟，豆荚正常成熟，种子正常成熟。设计了三种不同的田间研究方法，以确定绿茎病与菜豆荚斑驳病毒（BPMV）以及其他可能导致这种病害的潜在因素之间的关系。第一种研究方法是在三个生长季节对几个商业大豆田中的单株植物进行监测，调查绿茎病和BPMV。通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）对成熟植株（R6生长阶段）的叶片样本进行BPMV检测。在某些田间，处于R6生长阶段感染BPMV的监测植株百分比高于收获成熟时绿茎病的发病率。许多感染BPMV的植株并未出现绿茎病，相反，许多患有绿茎病的植株并未感染BPMV。根据独立性卡方检验，数据表明在R6生长阶段绿茎病与BPMV感染无关（P = 0.98）。第二种研究方法比较了在两个自然病毒感染水平不同的地点种植的同一组大豆品种的绿茎病发病率。尽管病毒感染情况存在差异，包括BPMV发病率，但24个品种中有20个在两个地点的绿茎病发病率相似。第三种研究方法是在田间网室中进行了两个生长季节的试验，结果表明在没有BPMV感染的情况下也会出现绿茎病。与对照相比，BPMV感染并未增加绿茎病的发病率。菜豆叶甲、叶蝉或椿象取食对绿茎病的发病率没有影响。绿茎病的病因仍然未知。
