Centre Africain de Recherche en Epidémiologie et en Santé Publique (CARESP), Lomé, Togo.
Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
BMC Public Health. 2019 Feb 20;19(1):215. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-6547-1.
Anemia in children continues to be a major public health challenge in developing countries and particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Anemia has serious consequences on the growth and development of the children in the early stages of life. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of anemia among children from 6 to 59 months in Togo.
Data from the Togo Demographic and Health Survey 2013-2014 were used for this study. This nationally representative survey provided data on a wide range of indicators such as mother and child health, nutrition and other characteristics. Anemia status was determined using hemoglobin level (Hb < 11.0 g/dl), and the weighted prevalence of childhood anemia along with 95% confidence intervals were provided. Data were analyzed using logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for associated factors.
Two thousand eight hundred ninety children aged 6-59 months were included in this analysis. The weighted prevalence of anemia was 70.9% [95% CI = 68.8-73.1] with 2.6% [95% CI = 2.0-3.3] of severe anemia among these children. In the multivariate analysis, the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for anemia was 0.33 [95% CI = 0.26-0.42] in children aged from 24 to 42 months and 0.22 [95% CI = 0.17-0.29] in children aged from 43 to 59 months. Children's malaria status was strongly associated to childhood anemia with an aOR of 3.03 [95% CI = 2.49-3.68]. The secondary level of education and more for the mother was associated to childhood anemia with an aOR of 0.67 [95% CI = 0.52-0.86]. The aOR for children whose mother had anemia was 1.62 [95% CI = 1.30-2.02].
This study has highlighted the high prevalence of childhood anemia in Togo and revealed that younger children and maternal anemia were positively associated to childhood anemia whereas age of children and high level of maternal education were negatively associated to childhood anemia.
在发展中国家，尤其是撒哈拉以南非洲地区，儿童贫血仍然是一个重大的公共卫生挑战。贫血会对儿童生命早期的生长和发育造成严重后果。本研究旨在确定多哥 6 至 59 个月儿童贫血的患病率及相关因素。
本研究使用了 2013-2014 年多哥人口与健康调查的数据。这项具有全国代表性的调查提供了广泛的指标数据，如母婴健康、营养状况和其他特征。贫血状况通过血红蛋白水平（Hb<11.0g/dl）确定，提供了儿童贫血的加权患病率及其 95%置信区间。使用逻辑回归模型分析数据，以估计相关因素的比值比（OR）及其 95%置信区间（95%CI）。
本研究共纳入了 2890 名 6-59 个月的儿童。贫血的加权患病率为 70.9%[95%CI=68.8-73.1]，其中 2.6%[95%CI=2.0-3.3]的儿童患有严重贫血。在多变量分析中，24-42 月龄儿童贫血的调整比值比（aOR）为 0.33[95%CI=0.26-0.42]，43-59 月龄儿童贫血的 aOR 为 0.22[95%CI=0.17-0.29]。儿童疟疾状况与儿童贫血密切相关，其 aOR 为 3.03[95%CI=2.49-3.68]。母亲受过中等或高等教育与儿童贫血有关，aOR 为 0.67[95%CI=0.52-0.86]。母亲贫血的儿童贫血的 aOR 为 1.62[95%CI=1.30-2.02]。
本研究强调了多哥儿童贫血的高患病率，并揭示了年龄较小的儿童和母亲贫血与儿童贫血呈正相关，而儿童年龄和母亲教育程度较高与儿童贫血呈负相关。
