Molelekoa Thonaeng Charity, Oyekale Abayomi Samuel
Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, North-West University Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Dec 18;21(12):1687. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21121687.
: The relationship between malaria/other febrile infections and anaemia among under-5 children is a subject of significant policy relevance among African health policy makers. The international significance of addressing anaemia is prominently underscored in the third Sustainable Development Goal (SDG). This paper therefore analysed the effect of malaria/other febrile infections and other maternal and child's demographic variables on the prevalence of anaemia in Niger. : We utilized the under-5 children's module of the Malaria Indicator Survey (MIS) for 2021, which was collected from women of reproductive age (15-49) in selected households. The data were analysed with heteroscedasticity-consistent ordered probit regression model. The results showed that 73.73% of the children was anaemic, while malaria and other febrile infections were present in 14.00% and 33.87%, respectively. Anaemia was highest in the Tillaberi and Dosso regions, where 84.12% and 79.12% of the children were anaemic. The ordered probit regression revealed that anaemia was promoted by malaria, other febrile infections, being a male child, second of multiple birth, and birth order, while wealth index, age, urban residence, and access to newspaper and television reduced it. Anaemia remains a major public health problem among under-5 children in Niger. A comprehensive healthcare intervention to address the problem should consider regional, sectoral, and gender differences in the incidences, with drastic efforts towards prevention of malaria and other fever-inducing illnesses. In addition, interventions to promote households' economic status, reduce maternal fertility, and facilitate preventive practices through nutrition enhancement and health-related media programs hold some promise.
疟疾/其他发热性感染与5岁以下儿童贫血之间的关系是非洲卫生政策制定者高度关注的重要政策议题。解决贫血问题的国际重要性在第三个可持续发展目标（SDG）中得到了突出强调。因此，本文分析了疟疾/其他发热性感染以及其他母婴人口统计学变量对尼日尔贫血患病率的影响。
我们使用了2021年疟疾指标调查（MIS）中5岁以下儿童模块的数据，这些数据来自选定家庭中15至49岁的育龄妇女。采用异方差一致有序概率回归模型对数据进行分析。结果显示，73.73%的儿童患有贫血，其中感染疟疾和其他发热性感染的儿童分别占14.00%和33.87%。贫血率在蒂拉贝里和多索地区最高，分别有84.12%和79.12%的儿童患有贫血。有序概率回归分析表明，疟疾、其他发热性感染、男性儿童、多胞胎中的第二个孩子以及出生顺序会促使贫血发生，而财富指数、年龄、城市居住情况以及接触报纸和电视则会降低贫血率。
贫血仍然是尼日尔5岁以下儿童面临的一个主要公共卫生问题。针对这一问题的全面医疗干预措施应考虑发病率在地区、部门和性别上的差异，大力预防疟疾和其他引发发热的疾病。此外，提高家庭经济状况、降低孕产妇生育率以及通过营养改善和健康相关媒体节目促进预防措施的干预措施有望取得成效。
