Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
Nat Commun. 2019 Feb 20;10(1):853. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-08515-4.
Cytosolic lipid droplets are endoplasmic reticulum-derived organelles typically found in seeds as reservoirs for physiological energy and carbon to fuel germination. Here, we report synthetic biology approaches to co-produce high-value sesqui- or diterpenoids together with lipid droplets in plant leaves. The formation of cytosolic lipid droplets is enhanced in the transient Nicotiana benthamiana system through ectopic production of WRINKLED1, a key regulator of plastid fatty acid biosynthesis, and a microalgal lipid droplet surface protein. Engineering of the pathways providing the universal C5-building blocks for terpenoids and installation of terpenoid biosynthetic pathways through direction of the enzymes to native and non-native compartments boost the production of target terpenoids. We show that anchoring of distinct biosynthetic steps onto the surface of lipid droplets leads to efficient production of terpenoid scaffolds and functionalized terpenoids. The co-produced lipid droplets "trap" the terpenoids in the cells.
细胞质脂滴是内质网衍生的细胞器，通常存在于种子中，作为生理能量和碳的储存库，为发芽提供燃料。在这里，我们报告了一种合成生物学方法，可在植物叶片中与脂滴一起共生产高附加值的倍半萜或二萜。通过异位生产质体脂肪酸生物合成的关键调节因子 WRINKLED1 和一种微藻脂滴表面蛋白，瞬时表达的 Nicotiana benthamiana 系统中细胞质脂滴的形成得到增强。通过将提供萜类化合物通用 C5 构建块的途径进行工程改造，并通过将酶定向到天然和非天然隔室来安装萜类生物合成途径，可提高目标萜类化合物的产量。我们表明，将不同的生物合成步骤锚定在脂滴表面可实现萜类化合物支架和官能化萜类化合物的有效生产。共生产的脂滴“困住”了细胞内的萜类化合物。
