AlKhater Suzan A
Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi J Med Med Sci. 2017 May-Aug;5(2):136-141. doi: 10.4103/1658-631X.204876. Epub 2017 Apr 20.
Allergic disorders, particularly bronchial asthma, are one of the most common chronic childhood diseases. Bronchial asthma is more prevalent among children of the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia compared with the other provinces. Environmental factors play major roles in the disease pathogenesis in genetically predisposed hosts. In this study, we characterize the pattern of allergenicity in asthmatic children in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.
This study is a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of skin sensitization profiles of 100 Saudi asthmatic children living in Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia. The group compromised 32 females and 68 males, aged 5-14 years with a mean age of 8.98 ± 2.93 years. Skin prick tests were performed in a regional tertiary center, in the period between January 2011 and December 2012, using a variety of indoor and outdoor allergens.
The most common indoor sensitizing allergens found were the house dust mite (54%), cat fur (53%) and the German cockroach (26%). Among outdoor allergens, was the most common (48%), followed by Timothy grass (23%) and (23%). Among trees, was found to be the most prevalent sensitizer (19%). Among the molds, and species were the most prevalent (21% each).
A high rate of sensitization to aeroallergens was found in asthmatic children living in Al-Khobar city. The pattern of sensitization found in our study reflects the newly altered nature of an ancient humid desert that has been influenced by the recent artificial modernization of the region.
过敏性疾病，尤其是支气管哮喘，是儿童最常见的慢性疾病之一。与沙特其他省份相比，支气管哮喘在沙特东部省份的儿童中更为普遍。环境因素在遗传易感性宿主的疾病发病机制中起主要作用。在本研究中，我们对沙特阿拉伯东部省份哮喘儿童的致敏模式进行了特征描述。
本研究是对居住在沙特阿拉伯胡拜尔的100名沙特哮喘儿童的皮肤致敏情况进行的回顾性横断面分析。该组包括32名女性和68名男性，年龄在5至14岁之间，平均年龄为8.98±2.93岁。2011年1月至2012年12月期间，在一个地区三级中心使用多种室内和室外过敏原进行了皮肤点刺试验。
发现最常见的室内致敏过敏原是屋尘螨（54%）、猫毛（53%）和德国小蠊（26%）。在室外过敏原中，[此处原文缺失具体过敏原名称]最常见（48%），其次是梯牧草（23%）和[此处原文缺失具体过敏原名称]（23%）。在树木中，[此处原文缺失具体树木名称]被发现是最普遍的致敏原（19%）。在霉菌中，[此处原文缺失具体霉菌名称]和[此处原文缺失具体霉菌名称]种类最普遍（各占21%）。
在居住在胡拜尔市的哮喘儿童中发现对气传过敏原的高致敏率。我们研究中发现的致敏模式反映了一个古老的潮湿沙漠在该地区近期人工现代化影响下的新变化性质。
