Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University, 2-1 Naka, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo, 186-8603, Japan.
School of Economics, University of Hyogo, 8-2-1 Gakuen-Nishi-machi, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 651-2197, Japan.
Qual Life Res. 2019 Aug;28(8):2125-2133. doi: 10.1007/s11136-019-02142-8. Epub 2019 Feb 22.
It is well-known that people psychologically adapt to health shocks over time and social participation (SP) has a favourable impact on health. Combining these two understandings, the current study addresses how psychological adaptation to major health shocks was affected by SP experience one year prior to the initial diagnosis.
Data were collected from a twelve-wave nationwide panel survey conducted from 2005 to 2016, starting with 34,240 individuals aged 50-59 years. Individuals who were initially diagnosed with cancer, stroke, heart disease or diabetes at any time between the second and twelfth waves and kept diagnosed as such were focused on. Random-effects models were estimated to examine how baseline SP prior to the diagnosis affected the pace of change in psychological distress, which was measured using Kessler 6 (K6) scores (range 0-24; M 3.3 SD 4.2), following immediate responses to the initial diagnosis.
Baseline SP enabled or accelerated psychological adaptation to major health shocks. It is noted that the pace of decline of the K6 score per year after the immediate responses was 0.20 for cancer and 0.09 for diabetes (both p < 0.001) among men with baseline SP, in contrast with non-significant and limited changes among those without it. While the results for women were more mixed than those for men, the former results confirmed favourable impacts of baseline SP on psychological adaptation to health shocks in general.
The results highlight a favourable impact of SP on psychological adaptation to health shocks.
众所周知，人们会随着时间的推移对健康冲击进行心理适应，而社会参与（SP）对健康有积极影响。结合这两种理解，本研究探讨了在初始诊断前一年的 SP 经历如何影响对重大健康冲击的心理适应。
数据来自于 2005 年至 2016 年进行的十二波全国面板调查，参与者为 50-59 岁的 34240 人。研究关注的是在第二波至第十二波期间任何时间被诊断出患有癌症、中风、心脏病或糖尿病且一直被诊断为该疾病的个体。采用随机效应模型来检验诊断前的基线 SP 如何影响心理困扰变化的速度，心理困扰使用 Kessler 6 （K6）评分（范围 0-24；M 3.3，SD 4.2）来衡量，反映了对初始诊断的即时反应后。
基线 SP 促进或加速了对重大健康冲击的心理适应。值得注意的是，在即时反应后，患有基线 SP 的男性中，K6 评分每年下降的速度为 0.20（癌症）和 0.09（糖尿病）（均 p<0.001），而没有基线 SP 的男性则没有显著变化且变化有限。虽然女性的结果比男性更复杂，但前者的结果总体上证实了基线 SP 对健康冲击的心理适应的积极影响。
结果强调了 SP 对健康冲击的心理适应的积极影响。
