Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, Campus of Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071, Córdoba, Spain.
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, Campus of Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071, Córdoba, Spain.
Chemosphere. 2019 May;223:569-576. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.089. Epub 2019 Feb 15.
In this study, multifunctional supramolecular solvents (SUPRASs) able to simultaneously extract ionic, polar and hydrophobic organic compounds from wastewater have been developed. SUPRASs were synthesized in aqueous solutions containing mixtures of carboxylic acids and carboxylates that underwent spontaneous self-assembly and coacervation under the addition of tetraalkylammonium ions. These SUPRAS consisted of coacervate droplets made up of large unilamellar vesicular aggregates bridged by tetraalkylammonium ions. Both, the high kinetic stability of vesicles and their strong interaction with tetraalkylammonium ions through different bonds working cooperatively, made supramolecular nanostructures in the SUPRAS chemically stable, which minimized the presence of solvent residues in the treated water. The suitability of the synthesized SUPRASs to behave as multifunctional extractants in water treatment was investigated by their application to the removal of anionic, cationic and ionizable dyes and PAHs. All the variables affecting the extraction process were optimized (i.e. chain length of the tetraalkylammonium ion, fractional SUPRAS phase volume, pH, ionic strength, pollutant concentration and stirring time/rate). All the pollutants selected were efficiently removed at room temperature and a fractional SUPRAS phase volume of 0.01. Applicability of the SUPRAS-based treatment to the efficient removal of dyes in textile effluents and benzo(a)pyrene in tap water was proved. Overall, the low cost, easy synthesis and high removal efficiency of these engineered SUPRASs make them highly promising for application in comprehensive wastewater treatments.
在这项研究中，开发了一种多功能超分子溶剂（SUPRAS），能够从废水中同时提取离子型、极性和疏水性有机化合物。SUPRAS 是在含有羧酸和羧酸盐混合物的水溶液中合成的，在加入四烷基铵离子后，这些混合物会自发自组装并凝聚。这些 SUPRAS 由凝聚相液滴组成，液滴由通过不同键协同作用与四烷基铵离子桥接的大单层囊泡聚集体构成。囊泡的高动力学稳定性及其与四烷基铵离子通过不同键的强相互作用，使 SUPRAS 中的超分子纳米结构在化学上稳定，从而最大限度地减少了处理水中溶剂残留的存在。通过将合成的 SUPRAS 应用于去除阴离子、阳离子和可离子化染料和多环芳烃，研究了它们作为水处理中多功能萃取剂的适用性。优化了影响萃取过程的所有变量（即四烷基铵离子的链长、SUPRAS 相分数体积、pH 值、离子强度、污染物浓度和搅拌时间/速率）。在所选择的所有污染物均在室温下有效去除，且 SUPRAS 相分数体积为 0.01。证明了基于 SUPRAS 的处理方法适用于从纺织废水中有效去除染料和自来水中的苯并(a)芘。总之，这些工程 SUPRAS 具有成本低、合成简单、去除效率高的特点，因此非常有希望应用于综合废水处理。
