Nandasena Sumal, Senavirathna Chaminda, Munasinghe Champa, Wijesena Chapa, Sucharitharathna Ridmi
Consultant Community Physician, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kalutara, Sri Lanka.
Medical Officer, General Hospital, Kalutara, Sri Lanka.
Indian J Tuberc. 2019 Jan;66(1):76-80. doi: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2018.04.008. Epub 2018 Apr 13.
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious bacterial disease; remains as one of the important public health problem affecting every part of the world. Substantial number of TB cases are reported from Sri Lanka every year irrespective of its strong preventive health system. The aim of this analysis is to describe the characteristics of TB patients and to assess the factors associated with sputum conversion. This analysis was based on the data from the District Chest Clinic of Kalutara district, Sri Lanka.
Information of all newly diagnosed and registered patients in the District Chest Clinic, Kalutara in year 2013 were ascertained. Out of 687 newly reported TB patients, 669 records were included in final analysis.
Majority of patients were males (n=451, 67.4%), in the age group of 36-60 years (n=306, 45.7%) and underweight (n=359, 61.7%). Substantial proportion of normal weight or overweight adult patients (92.1%) had sputum conversion at 2-3 months as compared to underweight adult patients (82.5%) (p=0.034). Those who smoke tobacco is less likely to have sputum conversion at 2-3 months as compared to non-smokers (90.2% vs. 82.1%, p=0.045).
Provision of good nutrition, maintaining of appropriate body mass index (i.e., BMI), and abstinence from smoking and alcohol consumption are important for sputum conversion among smear-positive pulmonary TB patients.
结核病是一种传染性细菌性疾病，仍然是影响世界各个地区的重要公共卫生问题之一。尽管斯里兰卡拥有强大的预防性卫生系统，但每年仍报告有大量结核病病例。本分析的目的是描述结核病患者的特征，并评估与痰菌转阴相关的因素。该分析基于斯里兰卡卡卢特勒区胸部诊所的数据。
确定了2013年卡卢特勒区胸部诊所所有新诊断和登记患者的信息。在687例新报告的结核病患者中，669份记录纳入最终分析。
大多数患者为男性（n = 451，67.4%），年龄在36 - 60岁之间（n = 306，45.7%）且体重过轻（n = 359，61.7%）。与体重过轻的成年患者（82.5%）相比，相当比例的正常体重或超重成年患者（92.1%）在2 - 3个月时痰菌转阴（p = 0.034）。与不吸烟者相比，吸烟者在2 - 3个月时痰菌转阴的可能性较小（90.2%对82.1%，p = 0.045）。
提供良好的营养、维持适当的体重指数（即BMI）以及戒烟戒酒对于涂片阳性肺结核患者的痰菌转阴很重要。
