Department of Respiration Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw Poland.
Department of Respiration Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw Poland.
Toxicology. 2018 Dec 1;410:41-48. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2018.09.001. Epub 2018 Sep 5.
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the respiratory tract that is characterized by reversible airflow obstruction and airway hyperresponsiveness. The non-atopic variant of asthma that appears later in life has no allergic background and is more severe and resistant to standard treatment. Hapten-induced asthma models can be utilized to investigate mechanisms behind the development of non-atopic and occupational asthma, in which non-allergic processes seems to play significant role. The development of adequate animal models of non-allergic asthma is a necessary prerequisite both for understanding the pathophysiology of non-allergic asthma and for the possibility of testing new therapies. Still, there is no ideal model that represents all the hallmarks of this complex disease. In this review, we examine the most popular hapten-induced murine models of occupational and non-atopic asthma. For this reason, we describe the most popular sensitizing haptens, sensitization and challenge protocols, symptoms produced by asthma, and advantages and disadvantages of the models.
哮喘是一种慢性呼吸道炎症性疾病，其特征是可逆性气流阻塞和气道高反应性。非特应性哮喘变体在生命后期出现，没有过敏背景，并且更严重且对标准治疗有抗性。半抗原诱导的哮喘模型可用于研究非特应性和职业性哮喘发展背后的机制，其中非过敏性过程似乎起着重要作用。非过敏性哮喘的适当动物模型的开发是非过敏性哮喘病理生理学理解以及新疗法测试可能性的必要前提。尽管如此，目前还没有一个理想的模型能够代表这种复杂疾病的所有特征。在这篇综述中，我们研究了最流行的职业性和非特应性哮喘的半抗原诱导的小鼠模型。因此，我们描述了最流行的致敏半抗原、致敏和激发方案、哮喘产生的症状以及模型的优缺点。
