Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Dallas, TX.
Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Dallas, TX.
Ann Epidemiol. 2019 Apr;32:58-63. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2019.01.008. Epub 2019 Jan 25.
To evaluate the relationship between sociodemographics and the prevalence of bullying victimization and perpetration using single-item and multiple-item measures.
Longitudinal survey data were obtained from 4297 children at fifth, seventh, and tenth grade in three U.S. cities. Bullying victimization and perpetration were measured in two ways: 1) a single-item recall measure; and 2) a separate multiple-item measure using specific behaviors indicating bullying victimization and perpetration. Multilevel logistic regression modeled the relationship between sociodemographics and bullying, stratified by measurement type.
In fifth grade, 4% of children were identified as victims using the single-item approach but not the multiple-item approach, 27% were identified as victims using the multiple-item approach but not the single-item approach, and 17% were identified as victims using both approaches. For perpetration, 3% were identified using the single-item approach but not the multiple-item approach, 18% were identified using the multiple-item and not the single-item approach, and 4% were identified using both approaches. The odds of victimization were significantly lower in seventh and tenth grades than in fifth grade using both approaches. The single-item odds of perpetration were significantly lower in tenth grade than fifth grade, but the multiple-item odds of perpetration significantly increased over time.
Bullying prevalence rates are sensitive to the structure of measures. Future research should identify whether these differences reflect a lack of awareness of types of bullying and/or cognitive variability in answering sensitive survey questions.
使用单项和多项测量方法评估社会人口统计学因素与欺凌受害和施害的流行率之间的关系。
从美国三个城市的 4297 名五年级、七年级和十年级学生中获得了纵向调查数据。通过两种方式测量欺凌受害和施害：1）单项回忆测量；2）使用表明欺凌受害和施害的特定行为的单独多项测量。多水平逻辑回归根据测量类型分层，对社会人口统计学因素与欺凌之间的关系进行建模。
在五年级，4%的儿童使用单项方法而不是多项方法被确定为受害者，27%的儿童使用多项方法而不是单项方法被确定为受害者，17%的儿童使用两种方法都被确定为受害者。对于施害，3%的儿童使用单项方法而不是多项方法被确定为施害者，18%的儿童使用多项方法而不是单项方法被确定为施害者，4%的儿童使用两种方法都被确定为施害者。使用两种方法，七年级和十年级的受害几率明显低于五年级。使用单项方法，十年级的施害几率明显低于五年级，但随着时间的推移，使用多项方法的施害几率显著增加。
欺凌的流行率对测量结构敏感。未来的研究应该确定这些差异是否反映了对欺凌类型的认识不足和/或对敏感调查问题回答的认知差异。
