University of Valencia and INTECO Joint Research Unit, Spain.
University of Zaragoza, Spain.
Waste Manag. 2019 Feb 15;85:222-231. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.12.025. Epub 2019 Jan 2.
This paper assesses performance and convergence in the treatment of municipal waste by the members of the European Union-27 (EU-27) during the period 1995-2016. First, a composite indicator of performance -including landfill, incineration, recycling, and composting and digestion as treatment operations- is computed with Data Envelopment Analysis and Multi-Criteria-Decision-Making techniques at country and year levels. Then, convergence is assessed using the techniques proposed by Phillips and Sul (2007, 2009) and, more recently, by Kong et al. (2017). The best performers are Central and Northern European countries such as Denmark, Austria and Germany, whereas the worst are some Eastern European countries that joined the European Union in the 2000s. Furthermore, performance has largely converged among EU-27 countries since the enactment of the current Waste Framework Directive in 2008.
本文评估了 1995 年至 2016 年间欧盟 27 国（EU-27）在处理城市垃圾方面的绩效和趋同情况。首先，采用数据包络分析和多准则决策技术，在国家和年份层面上计算了一个包含垃圾填埋、焚烧、回收、堆肥和消化等处理操作的综合绩效指标。然后，采用 Phillips 和 Sul（2007 年、2009 年）以及 Kong 等人（2017 年）提出的技术评估趋同情况。表现最好的是丹麦、奥地利和德国等中欧和北欧国家，而表现最差的是 21 世纪初加入欧盟的一些东欧国家。此外，自 2008 年现行《废物框架指令》生效以来，欧盟 27 国的绩效趋同程度大幅提高。
