SINTEF Ocean, Marine Environmental Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
SwRI, Ocean Simulation Labs, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2019 Mar;140:485-492. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.01.036. Epub 2019 Feb 10.
Both oil droplets and gas bubbles have simultaneously been quantified in laboratory experiments that simulate deep-water subsea releases of both live oil (saturated with gas) and additional natural gas under high pressure. These data have been used to calculate particle size distributions (50-5000 μm) for both oil and gas. The experiments showed no significant difference in oil droplet sizes versus pressure (from 5 m to 1750 m) for experiments with live oil. For combined releases of live oil and natural gas, oil droplet sizes showed a clear reduction as a function of increased gas void fraction (increased release velocity) and a weak reduction with increased depth (increased gas density/momentum). Oil droplets were reduced by a factor of 3 to 4 during simulated subsea dispersant injection (SSDI) and no significant effect of pressure was observed. This indicates that SSDI effectiveness is not dependent on water depth or pressure.
在实验室模拟深海海底释放含气的实油和额外高压天然气的实验中，同时对油滴和气泡进行了定量分析。这些数据已用于计算油和气体的粒径分布（50-5000μm）。实验表明，含气实油实验中，油滴大小与压力（从 5m 到 1750m）之间没有显著差异。对于含气实油和天然气的联合释放，油滴大小随着气相空隙率（增加释放速度）的增加而明显减小，随着深度的增加（气体密度/动量增加）而略有减小。在模拟海底分散剂注入（SSDI）过程中，油滴减小了 3 到 4 倍，并且没有观察到压力的显著影响。这表明 SSDI 的有效性不依赖于水深或压力。
