Deans Christopher F, Gentile Joseph M, Tao Matthew A
University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985640, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
Novant Health Orthopedics & Sports Medicine, Huntersville, NC, USA.
Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2019 Jun;12(2):80-86. doi: 10.1007/s12178-019-09542-w.
To review the relevant literature surrounding acromioclavicular (AC) joint injuries particularly pertaining to overhead athletes.
The AC joint is a unique anatomic and biomechanical portion of the shoulder that can be problematic for athletes, particularly throwers, when injured. Treatment of these injuries remains a topic in evolution. Low-grade injuries (Rockwood types I & II) are typically treated non-operatively while high-grade injuries (types IV, V, and VI) are considered unstable and often require operative intervention. Type III AC separations remain the most controversial and challenging as no clear treatment algorithm has been established. A wide variety of surgical techniques exist. Unfortunately, relatively little literature exists with regard to overhead athletes specifically. Treatment of AC joint injuries remains challenging, at times, particularly for overhead athletes. Operative indications and techniques are still evolving, and more research is needed specifically surrounding overhead athletes.
回顾有关肩锁关节（AC）损伤的相关文献，尤其是与从事过头运动的运动员相关的文献。
肩锁关节是肩部独特的解剖和生物力学部位，受伤时对运动员，尤其是投掷运动员来说可能会出现问题。这些损伤的治疗仍是一个不断发展的话题。低度损伤（Rockwood I型和II型）通常采用非手术治疗，而高度损伤（IV型、V型和VI型）被认为是不稳定的，通常需要手术干预。III型肩锁关节分离仍然是最具争议和挑战性的，因为尚未建立明确的治疗方案。存在多种手术技术。不幸的是，专门针对从事过头运动的运动员的文献相对较少。肩锁关节损伤的治疗有时仍然具有挑战性，尤其是对从事过头运动的运动员而言。手术指征和技术仍在不断发展，尤其需要围绕从事过头运动的运动员开展更多研究。
