Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 5-7-1, Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan.
Environ Health Prev Med. 2019 Feb 26;24(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s12199-019-0767-y.
The excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages is a public health concern worldwide. Several clinical trials examining the effects of consuming sucrose or high-fructose corn syrup demonstrated the link between this consumption and increased risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases. In this issue of Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine, Li et al. examined the sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among undergraduate students and evaluated the relationship between this consumption and the "late" chronotype, sleep duration, and weight increase. They concluded that the sugar-sweetened beverage intake might mediate the associations among sleep duration, late chronotype, and weight gain and that the intake of sugar-sweetened beverages in the evening may be a risk factor for the development of overweight/obesity. A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials provided evidence that the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages promotes weight gain in both children and adults. The World Health Organization guideline highly recommends reducing the intake of sugars to less than 10% of one's total energy intake. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet and the Mediterranean diet were shown to help individuals refrain from sweets and sugar-containing beverages. A global evaluation revealed how much disability during accumulated lifetime hours is due to sugar-sweetened beverages. Interventions are necessary, but many individuals find it quite difficult to reduce or eliminate their high intake of sugar-sweetened beverages. The taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages was demonstrated to have a significant positive influence on individuals' planned purchases and the probability of the purchase of healthy beverages. Western countries are working on the social regulation of sugar-sweetened beverages, but Japan has not implemented any similar regulations. The social regulation of sugar-sweetened beverages is necessary to stop the increase of diabetes morbidity and the increase in dementia that often accompanies this morbidity.
过量饮用含糖饮料是全球范围内的一个公共卫生关注点。多项临床试验研究了摄入蔗糖或高果糖玉米糖浆的影响，结果表明这种摄入与心血管代谢疾病的风险因素增加之间存在关联。在本期《环境卫生与预防医学》中，Li 等人研究了本科生饮用含糖饮料的情况，并评估了这种饮用习惯与“晚型”作息、睡眠时间和体重增加之间的关系。他们得出结论，含糖饮料的摄入可能会调节睡眠时间、晚型作息和体重增加之间的关联，而晚上摄入含糖饮料可能是超重/肥胖发展的一个风险因素。对前瞻性队列研究和随机对照试验的系统评价和荟萃分析提供了证据，表明含糖饮料的摄入会导致儿童和成人的体重增加。世界卫生组织的指南强烈建议将糖的摄入量减少到总能量摄入的 10%以下。膳食方法阻止高血压饮食和地中海饮食被证明有助于人们避免甜食和含糖饮料。一项全球评估揭示了由于含糖饮料，一生中累积的残疾时间有多少。需要采取干预措施，但许多人发现很难减少或消除他们对含糖饮料的高摄入量。含糖饮料征税被证明对个人计划购买和购买健康饮料的概率有显著的积极影响。西方国家正在对含糖饮料进行社会监管，但日本尚未实施任何类似的规定。对含糖饮料进行社会监管是必要的，以阻止糖尿病发病率的增加和由此发病率常伴随的痴呆症的增加。
