Burton Hanna E, Espino Daniel M
PDR-International Centre for Design & Research, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
Appl Bionics Biomech. 2019 Jan 23;2019:2784172. doi: 10.1155/2019/2784172. eCollection 2019.
Surface roughness can be used to identify disease within biological tissues. Quantifying surface roughness in the coronary arteries aids in developing treatments for coronary heart disease. This study investigates the effect of extreme physiological loading on surface roughness, for example, due to a rupture of an artery.
The porcine left anterior descending (LAD) coronary arteries were dissected ex vivo. Mechanical overloading was applied to the arteries in the longitudinal direction to simulate extreme physiological loading. Surface roughness was calculated from three-dimensional reconstructed images. Surface roughness was measured before and after damage and after chemical processing to dehydrate tissue specimens.
Control specimens confirmed that dehydration alone results in an increase of surface roughness in the circumferential direction only. No variation was noted between the hydrated healthy and damaged specimens, in both the longitudinal (0.91 ± 0.26 and 1.05 ± 0.25 m) and circumferential (1.46 ± 0.38 and 1.47 ± 0.39 m) directions. After dehydration, an increase in surface roughness was noted for damaged specimens in both the longitudinal (1.28 ± 0.33 m) and circumferential (1.95 ± 0.56 m) directions.
Mechanical overloading applied in the longitudinal direction did not significantly affect surface roughness. However, when combined with chemical processing, a significant increase in surface roughness was noted in both the circumferential and longitudinal directions. Mechanical overloading causes damage to the internal constituents of the arteries, which is significantly noticeable after dehydration of tissue.
表面粗糙度可用于识别生物组织中的疾病。量化冠状动脉的表面粗糙度有助于开发冠心病的治疗方法。本研究调查极端生理负荷对表面粗糙度的影响，例如由于动脉破裂导致的负荷。
对猪的左前降支（LAD）冠状动脉进行离体解剖。在纵向上对动脉施加机械过载以模拟极端生理负荷。从三维重建图像计算表面粗糙度。在损伤前后以及对组织标本进行化学处理以脱水后测量表面粗糙度。
对照标本证实，仅脱水只会导致圆周方向上的表面粗糙度增加。在纵向（0.91±0.26和1.05±0.25μm）和圆周方向（1.46±0.38和1.47±0.39μm）上，水合的健康标本和受损标本之间均未观察到差异。脱水后，受损标本在纵向（1.28±0.33μm）和圆周方向（1.95±0.56μm）上的表面粗糙度均增加。
在纵向上施加的机械过载对表面粗糙度没有显著影响。然而，当与化学处理相结合时，在圆周和纵向方向上均观察到表面粗糙度显著增加。机械过载会对动脉的内部成分造成损伤，在组织脱水后这种损伤明显可见。
